Northeast

Trivia Question: Why do people define regions? Answer: To identify that have similar characteristics or connections Lifestyle Work Leisure Political connection

Trivia Question: The Northeast region is known for its beautiful landscape. What is an alternate name for the six states located in the northeastern part of the United States ? The New England Region

Physical Characteristics of the Northeast Region

Natural Resources Few natural resources with the exceptions of the coal-rich area of Pennsylvania. Trivia Question: Name the one major resource of the Northeast region which is responsible for its center of trade, commerce and industry. Its Waters Thriving fishing industry

Trivia Question: Throughout the 1800s, factories were built at waterfalls along the regions of the Northeast. The main cities were Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and __________. Rhode Island

Industry Leader The Northeast region consist of major rivers such as the Connecticut and the Hudson River. Industries used the power of the rivers by building water wheels. Produced goods such as shoes and cotton cloth. River valleys served as trade routes, railroad routes and highway routes.

Megalopolis Megalopolis is a word based on Greek roots meaning “ a very large city” Example in the Northeast: Boston New York Washington, DC

Trivia Question: What is the Northeast state that is known as the business capital of the World. New York

Urbanization Map

Bonus Question: What is the capital of Vermont Montpelier

The South

History of the Southern States The southern states were eleven states who withdrew from the United States in 1860 and 1861 due to economic and moral issues. Confederates of the United States Trivia Question: The current day South consists of the old confederacy plus five other states-Oklahoma, Kentucky, West Virginia, Delaware and ___________. Maryland

Climate and Vegetation The Southern region is closer to the Equator. warmer than the other region. precipitation level is higher compare to other regions. Mangroves are tropical trees that grow in swampy ground along coastal areas. Bayous are marshy inlets of lake and rivers in Louisiana. Everglades are large area of swampland covered in places with tall grass.

Climate, History, and Agriculture The variety of plant and animal life is due to the rich soil deposits of the coastal plains. Native Americans groups (Natchez, Creek, Cherokee) grew maize, melons, squash, beans, tobacco and other crops. The first permanent European settlements originated in the South. Huge plantation were built in the South for the development of agricultural farming.

Parts of the South are large areas of poverty. Trivia Question: What is the name of the rural area of the Appalachian Mountains which is one of the poorest areas in the US. Appalachia Reasons rocky soil and steep slopes are unproductive for farming.

Resources to Industry In the 1840s, textile mills were built in the Piedmont sections of the Carolinas. The mills were built on the fall line. The fall line is an imaginary line between the Appalachian Mountains and the Atlantic coastal plan. Textile mills were built close to cotton farms. Mills in the Carolinas produce a variety of fabrics

Oil industry in South began in eastern Texas in Some of the largest oil reserves in the US are located in this region. Texas Oklahoma Louisiana The petrochemical industry is the leading source of industrial income. Texas is one of the leading producers of synthetic rubber.

Trivia Question: Texas is one of the leading national producers of what petrochemical product? Synthetic Rubber

A Changing Region Sunbelt is the band of southern states from the Carolinas to southern California. Overlaps the two regions of the South and the West. Attracted tourisms and retirement centers

Southern Population Trivia Question: The three largest cities of the South are Houston, Dallas, and _________. San Antonio Texas is the second most populous state in the United States.

A Varied Population Over half of the African American population lives in the South. Another large portion of the Southern population is Hispanics. Trivia Question: The _______ is one of the largest Hispanic group living in the southern Florida area. Cubans

Major Cities New Orleans-major trading center Miami-gateway for the Caribbean and South America. Atlanta,Georgia-major railroad center and major airline hub. Houston, Texas-large industrial (oil, banking, cattle) and trading center.

The Midwest

An Agricultural Economy Relatively flat and has fertile soil. Humus is a dark-colored organic material. It combines with particles of weather bedrock to help build more soil.

Regional Variation The variation of the climate and the soil in the Midwest affects the farming industry. Growing season-the average number of days between the last frost of spring and the first frost of fall (approximately 200 days or more)

Warmer, wetter parts of Illinois, Indiana and Iowa, corn and soybeans are the major crops and are leading producers of livestock. In the drier Great Plains, farmers grow grains, such as wheat, oats and sunflowers. In the northern margins of the region, cool conditions and poorer soil support the growth of hay and raising dairy cattle.

The Nation’s Breadbasket High wheat output has earned the Midwest the nickname. Their productivity is one factor responsible for the average American’s being well fed. One of the largest exporters of the US.

Changes the Face of American Farms Farming Technology Mechanical reaper-allowed farmer to harvest vast amount of wheat. Reduced the number of workers on farms but increased productivity. Linking Farms to Cites Grain elevators-tall office buildings equipped with machinery for loading, cleaning, mixing and storing grain. Example: Mercantile Exchange is the world’s busiest market for eggs, hogs, cattle, and other farm products. Grain exchange-place where buyers and sellers deal for grain. Example: Broad of Trade is the largest grain exchange

Linking Industries to Resources Midwest has a rich supply of natural resources implying much heavier manufacturing. Cities Natural Resources and Industry Minnesota iron ore production Indiana and Illinois coal deposits Ohio and NW Indianasteel mills Detroitautomobile

Linking Transportation and Industry Water transportation aid the growth of heavy industries. Automobiles Machinery Railroad system in Chicago ship millions of bushels of grain and head of livestock in freight cars.

West

Available Water Tundra-a dry, treeless plain that sprouts grasses and mosses only in summer, when the top layer of soil thaws.

Natural Resources and the Economy Immerse storehouse of minerals-gold, silver, uranium and other metals. Area of the Gold Rush of the mid-1800s. Also contain valuable deposits of natural gas and oil. The two important activities are forestry and commerical fishing.

The Growth of the Western Cities The first transcontinental railroad in 1869 spurred the growth of towns and cities. Los Angeles is the second largest city in the US attracting military and civil aircraft industry and the motion picture industry. Aqueducts-large pipes that carry water over long distance.

Conquering Western Distances Two Outlying States of the western regions: Alaska The largest state with one of the smallest population (less than 630, 000) Few road pass through the rugged mountain terrain. The state capital Juneau can only be reached by boat or plane.

Hawaii Made up of eight main islands and more than 100 smaller islands in the Pacific Oceans. Sought out by the US as refueling stations for its naval vessels. Became the 50 th state in 1959.