Objectives: I can form and use verbs in the active and passive voice. I can form and use verbs in the active and passive voice. I can recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb voice and mood. I can recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb voice and mood. I can form and use verbs in the indicative, imperative, interrogative, conditional, and subjunctive mood. I can form and use verbs in the indicative, imperative, interrogative, conditional, and subjunctive mood.

Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.8.1b Form and use verbs in the active and passive voice. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.8.1c Form and use verbs in the indicative, imperative, interrogative, conditional, and subjunctive mood. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.8.1d Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb voice and mood.* CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.8.3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.8.3a Use verbs in the active and passive voice and in the conditional and subjunctive mood to achieve particular effects (e.g., emphasizing the actor or the action; expressing uncertainty or describing a state contrary to fact).

Turn and talk to your neighbor... What is a verb? Discuss everything you remember. Verbs are words that refer to actions or states of being.

Mood, Tense, and Voice!!!

Verb Moods Mood is the form of the verb that shows the mode or manner in which a thought is expressed. A verb's mood shows, if you will, what kind of message the speaker has in mind for the sentence. Is it stating a fact? Expressing a command or a wish? A condition? There are 5 verb moods. Indicative Imperative Interrogative Conditional Subjunctive

Indicative Mood: expresses a fact, denial, or question. Little Rock is the capital of Arkansas. Ostriches cannot fly. Have you finished your homework?

Imperative Mood: expresses command, prohibition, or advice. Don’t smoke in this building. Be careful! Don’t drown that puppy!

Interrogative Mood: expresses a state of questioning. When was the last time we met? Do you want tea or coffee? What did I tell you? I suppose you'd like something to eat. You did what?!

Subjunctive Mood: expresses a command, a wish, a suggestion or a condition that is contrary to fact. I was in your position two years ago. NOT SUBJUNCTIVE If I were in your position, I would do the same. SUBJUNCTIVE

Non-SubjunctiveSubjunctive Is allowedBe allowed I was orderedIf I were to order He cooksThat he cook

The following verbs often attract the subjunctive mood: ask, command, demand, insist, order, recommend, suggest and wish. I wish it were still in use. (subjunctive mood - "it was" becomes "it were") The board recommended that the motion be passed immediately. (subjunctive mood - "motion is passed" becomes "motion be passed") She suggests that Mark work full time from Saturday. (subjunctive mood - "Mark works" becomes "Mark work")

The following adjectives often attract the subjunctive mood: crucial, essential, important, imperative and necessary. It is imperative that the game begin at once. (subjunctive mood - "game begins" becomes "game begin")

Conditional Mood: signifies that something is contingent upon the outcome of something else. If people eat too much, they get fat. If I have time, I will visit you. If I had more time, I would travel the world. If I had had time I would have gone to the football match.

Shifts in Mood Just as you should avoid needless shifts in subject, person, and tense, you should also avoid illogical shifts in mood. Faulty shifts in mood often involve the indicative and the imperative. INCORRECT: First, preheat the oven; then you should grease the cake pan. (shift from imperative to indicative) CORRECT: First, preheat the oven; then grease the cake pan.

Tense Verb tense tells at what time the action took place (or didn't take place), or when the situation held true (or didn't). In English, there are three main tenses: past, present, and future.

Question: Which of the following sentences shifts mood without reason? 1.She requested that he darken her door no more. 2.Even though the air was warm, the water was too cold for swimming. 3.All students should assemble on the main quadrangle at ten o’clock, and don’t be late.

Answer All students should assemble on the main quadrangle at six o’clock, and don’t be late. The first clause is in the indicative and the second in the imperative.

Possible Revisions All students should assemble on the main quadrangle promptly at six o’clock. All students should assemble on the main quadrangle at six o’clock; they must not be late.

Try It!!! Which sentence is imperative? A.Kindly send me the brochure. B.I prefer that Caleb come with me to Six Flags. C.The books might fall if you carry them like that. D.Why do people tend to forget their purpose in life? Kindly send me the brochure.

Try It!!! Which sentence uses the indicative mood? A.Mt. Everest used to be the bottom of a lake. B.If you spent more time with us, you would be happier. C.Use my SAT book to get a better score. D.You might get a scholarship if you use your brains. Mt. Everest used to be the bottom of a lake.

Try It!!! The professor insists that Asha ___________ more attention to grammar. Choose the verb that would make this sentence subjunctive. A.Must pay B.Has paid C.Pay D.Paid Pay

Consistency of Tense When writing, it is very important that you do not change needlessly from one tense to another. Inconsistent: When we were comfortable, we begin to do our homework. Consistent: When we are comfortable, we begin to do our homework.

Graded Activity Part 1: The following paragraph contains 6 errors in tense. Copy the paragraph and correct each error. Highlight the corrected verbs. Recently in Oklahoma City, Pat Smith, a watchman, deposit 50 cents in a City Hall vending machine and reach in to get a candy bar. When the machine catch his hand, he pull out his pistol and shoot the machine twice. The second shot sever some wires, and he got his hand out.

Voice In active voice, the subject of the sentence--the person, animal, or thing performing the action--is present before the verb. In passive voice, the subject of the sentence is usually not present. If it is present, it is often at the end of a prepositional phrase.

Active vs. Passive ActivePassive The boy hit the ball. The ball was hit by the boy. The dog ate the food. The food was eaten by the dog. The girl popped the balloon. The balloon was popped. The singer sang the song. The song was sung.

Graded Activity Part 2: Transform these sentences from passive to active voice. 1.The movie was watched by the whole family. 2.The computer was turned on by the student. 3.The giant was fooled by Jack. 4.The princess was put to sleep by the magic apple. 5.The bridge was crossed by the three billy goats. EXAMPLE: The man was bitten by a mosquito. (passive voice) The mosquito bit the man. (active voice) Copy each sentence. Then, re-write it in active voice. Complete on same sheet of paper as graded activity 2.