Respiratory System

Structures & Functions The organs of the respiratory system include – Nose – Pharynx – Larynx – Trachea – Bronchi – Lungs Accessory organs – Diaphragm – Thorax

Structures & Functions The process of respiration involves the inspiration of air that contains O 2 for use by the cells of the body and the expiration of CO 2, which is a waste product from the cells of the body. The respiratory system relies on the circulatory system to complete the respiratory cycle.

Structures & Functions O 2 is inhaled into the lungs and transported by the blood. The blood then transports waste products back to the lungs to be exhaled.

Nose Naso or rhino mean nose Acts as an entrance for air and exit for CO2. Mucous membrane lines the nose. ▫Acts as a filter for dust and other foreign matter The nose also warms and moistens the entering air. Contains olfactory receptors.

Nose The nostrils are paired external openings to the airways. ▫Very in pliability and expandability  Horse – expandable nostrils  Pig – rigid nostrils

Pharynx AKA the throat The upper portion of the pharynx is attached to the base ok the skull and the lower portion unites with the esophagus. Divided into three parts – Nasopharynx Opening into the back of the nasal chambers – Oropharynx Opening into the back of the mouth – Laryngopharynx Opening into the larynx and esophagus

Pharynx The pharynx is used by both the respiratory and the digestive tracts as a passageway for air and food Depending on the species, it may also have a role in vocalization.

Larynx The larynx is commonly called the voice box and is located just below the pharynx. ▫Epiglottis  a lid like cartilage structure that prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing  Main sound organ in mammals