Low Expansion Foam NFPA 11 class B forms blanket

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Presentation transcript:

Low Expansion Foam NFPA 11 class B forms blanket flammable liquids, FP < 1000F combustible liquids FP > 1000F forms blanket 2-D horizontal surface tank farms, airports etc.

Expansion Ratio Classification Range Low expansion up to 20:1 Medium 20:1 to 100:1 High 200:1 to 1000:1

Components of Foam Air Concentrate Water within bubbles most of volume to be mixed with water final concentration 3% or 6% Water water + concentrate = solution

Types of Foam Protein older type no film from animal protein little in use now

Types of Foam Fluoroprotein better than protein forms film

Types of Foam Aqueous Film Forming Foam AFFF most common for fuels thin film not for alcohols

Types of Foam Alcohol Resistant also “Alcohol type” for small alcohols methanol, ethanol etc from membrane bewteen water and foam

Types of Foam Chemical chemically generated foam obsolete

Proportioning Methods To mix concentrate with water either 3% or 6% concentrate in water 3 mechanisms Venturi proportioner Pressure proportioner Balanced pressure proportioner skip details

Types of Systems Mobile Semi-Fixed fire dept. trucks permanent piping, foam makers mobile concentrate and pump

Types of Systems Fixed Subsurface injection Surface application seal protection for floating roofs dike protection

Sub-Surface Injection Fixed roof storage tank foam applied below surface floats to surface gentle, uniform application fluoroprotein foam has good fuel-shedding properties

Sub-Surface Injection-design 1. Calculate fuel surface area A =( )( r)2 2. Determine application rate (R) and discharge time (T) see 3.8

Sub-Surface Injection-design 3. Calculate discharge rate (D) and foam concentrate quantity (Q) D = (A) x (R) Q = (A) x (R) x (T) x (%) 4. Determine the number of subsurface application outlets see 3.9

Sub-Surface Injection-design 5. Determine supplementary requirements number of hoses (see 3-10) discharge time (see 3-11) 6. Calculate supplementary discharge rate (Ds) and foam quantity (Qs) Ds = (N) x (50 gpm) Qs = (N) x (50 gpm) x (Ts) x (%)

Sub-Surface Injection-design Total requirement for concentrate Qtotal = Q + Qs see example 3.1

Surface Application Fixed discharge units on rim of tank

Surface Injection-design 1. Calculate fuel surface area A =( )( r)2 2. Determine application rate (R) and discharge time (T) see 3.14 note difference between types I and II

Surface Injection-design 3. Calculate discharge rate (D) and foam concentrate quantity (Q) D = (A) x (R) Q = (A) x (R) x (T) x (%) 4. Determine the number of surface application outlets see 3.15

Surface Injection-design 5. Determine supplementary requirements number of hoses (see 3-10) discharge time (see 3-11) 6. Calculate supplementary discharge rate (Ds) and foam quantity (Qs) Ds = (N) x (50 gpm) Qs = (N) x (50 gpm) x (Ts) x (%)

Surface Injection-design Total requirement for concentrate Qtotal = Q + Qs see example 3.2

Seal Protection Floating Roof Tanks No vapour space gap at edge of roof a problem seal spans gap

Floating Roof Tanks-design 1. Calculate fuel surface area A = total roof area - unprotected roof area A =( )( r1)2 - ( )( r2)2 2. Determine application rate (R) and discharge time (T) R = .30 gpm/ft2 T = 20 min.

Floating Roof Tanks-design 3. Calculate discharge rate (D) and foam concentrate quantity (Q) D = (A) x (R) Q = (A) x (R) x (T) x (%) 4. Determine the spacing of outlets see text

Floating Roof Tanks-design 5. Determine number of discharge devices N = C/S N = number C = circumference ( x diameter) S = maximum spacing

Floating Roof Tanks-design 6. Determine supplementary requirements number of hoses (see 3-10) discharge time (see 3-11) 7. Calculate supplementary discharge rate (Ds) and foam quantity (Qs) Ds = (N) x (50 gpm) Qs = (N) x (50 gpm) x (Ts) x (%)

Floating Roof Tanks-design Total requirement for concentrate Qtotal = Q + Qs see example 3.3

Dike Protection To contain tank farm

Dike Protection- Design 1. Calculate dike surface area A = dike length x dike width 2. Determine application rate (R) and discharge time (T) R = .10 gpm/ft2 fixed outlets R = .16 gpm/ft2 monitors T = 30 min., flamm. liquids T = 20 min., comb. liquids

Dike Protection- Design 3. Calculate discharge rate (D) and foam concentrate quantity (Q) D = (A) x (R) Q = (A) x (R) x (T) x (%) 4. Determine the number of discharge devices every 30 ft N = (2L + 2W)/30 see 3.4

Aircraft Hangers omit

Truck Loading Rack

Truck Loading Rack Hazards

Truck Loading Rack Strategy

Truck Loading Rack Design