Daily Life in the Middle Ages (1000-1600) I.Rural Areas A.Nobility B.Peasants/Serfs II.Towns/Cities A.Size B.Industry III.Population Drops A.Why? 1.Food.

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Presentation transcript:

Daily Life in the Middle Ages ( ) I.Rural Areas A.Nobility B.Peasants/Serfs II.Towns/Cities A.Size B.Industry III.Population Drops A.Why? 1.Food 2.Pestilence Key Terms Feudalism Vassal/Knight Fief Guild System Black Death

Traits of Feudalism (Social/Economic System of Middle Ages) There was an absence of central authority & “Warlords” dominated. People sought protection & unique relationship developed between landowners & commoners. Common in much of Europe—but NOT in Pyrenees (French/Spanish border).

Medieval Hierarchy Monk (clergy) Knight (noble) Peasant

Nobles (up to 5%) Clergy (5-10%) Peasants (85-90%)

Nobility (They did NOT work the land) Two “Types:” Lords-usually wealthy landowners Knights-the Warriors pledged to provide military service to a lord. Fief-Land (and serfs to work it) given to knights in return for military service. Most were illiterate.

Food For Nobles Dominated by bread/porridge & meat (fish, chickens, pigs & wild game; rarely beef), dairy; beer was common. Expensive imports: Middle Eastern exotic spices (sugar), wine from France.

Peasants/Serfs Made up 85-90% of the population. They were tied to the land worked the land for the Lords & knights ( on an estate). In return they received: –Protection –A portion of the crops they raised (75-90%) Contracts…

Life On Medieval Manor (Nobles Hunt While Peasants Work; Castles vs. Huts)

Daily Life in Middle Ages (fast forward 18 seconds)

Food & Life For Peasants/Serfs Diet was VERY monotonous: black bread/porridge & beer were the staples; eggs & dairy (some fish, but not much meat) Famine = threat Homes: one room, wooden sides, thatched roofs & one (large) bed Daily routine was dominated by seasons & Christian celebrations

Life For Peasants/Serfs Women were subject to their husband’s authority

Children 30-50% of children died before reaching age 5 Marriage Age: –Boys = 14 –Girls = 12 Dance of Death

Preparing For Winter Baking bread & slaughtering pigs…

Entertainment (A Harvest Festival Sponsored by Lord of Manor)

Entertainment Taverns Cockfighting

Entertainment (Marriage Ceremony) Up to 1300s couples often waited for a pregnancy to hold a church service Between 12 th & 14 th centuries “modern” church services were developed Marriages were arranged

Towns & Cities (Only 5% of population) London: 10,000 (in 1200s) Paris: 210,000 (in 1328) Italy (in 1200s) –Florence: 100,000 –Milan: 90, ,000

Guild System (Origins of modern industry) Guilds : A training/education system to ensure quality in the products produced. –Master: Shop-owner (if they had enough money & connections). –Journeymen: wage plus room & board. –Apprentice: worked for room & board with hope of advancement (seven years). –Unskilled Laborer: received room & board with little or no hope of advancement

Master Journeymen Apprentice Unskilled Laborers

Guild Workers Dyeing Cloth

Population Drops It is estimated that between Europe lost 50-65% of its population. Why? 1.Famine: between population doubled, but food production didn’t. 2.Disease (Pestilence): Beginning in 1350 the “Black Death” spread & killed many.

A Physician In A Plague-Protecting Suit

Despair All Over Society

Daily Life in the Middle Ages ( ) I.Rural Areas A.Nobility B.Peasants/Serfs II.Towns/Cities A.Size B.Industry III.Population Drops A.Why? 1.Food 2.Pestilence Key Terms Feudalism Vassal/Knight Fief Guild System Black Death