December 9th Quick Write: 1.Place Study Guide Packet on your desk to be checked during the Quick Write. 2.Why did the measurement of 25mL of water and the measurement of 25mL of alcohol never equal 50mL at the end of each experiment? 3.How did you prove that electromagnetic forces exist between molecules of water and alcohol? 4.Alcohol is very miscible on water, how was that demonstrated in the lab? SWBAT: Explain how the electromagnetic forces between atoms of molecules exists. Homework: read pgs write Cornell Notes for pgs

December 7th Quick Write: 1.Take out lab from Friday. 2.Observe the demonstration. 3.Draw your conclusions. SWBAT: Observe changes in liquid volume due to the properties of matter (density and atomic forces). Summarize the lab report. Homework: Quiz Thursday for Periods 4 & 5 Study guide from class work yesterday is due tomorrow.

Closure Exit Ticket 1.Explain how you observed atomic forces in one complete sentence. 2.Draw the Bohr Model of the element Phosphorous. 1.Find the following for phosphorous: – Number of protons – Number of neutrons – Number of electrons – Mass number – Atomic number.

November 28th Take the two worksheets. Write down your homework Answer the Quick Write on the worksheet. SWBAT: Summarize each scientist and philosopher’s addition to the development of the structure of the atom. Homework: read pgs

The History of The Atom Introduction_to_the_Elements.mov

November 30th Quick Write: How are electrons kept in orbit around the nucleus? What descriptive words can you use to describe Niels Bohr and his model of the atom? SWBAT: Summarize each scientist and philosopher’s addition to the development of the structure of the atom. Explain the forces within an atom. Homework: review your notes and highlight key terms and complete the video worksheet

Aristotle Democritus Greek philosopher Believed that there were only four elements: – water – fire – Earth – air Greek philosopher Believed that matter cannot be divided into small pieces forever. He named the smallest piece an atomos, Atomos is Greek for atom. Atomos means indivisible. Atom: the building block of all matter.

The Proposed Atomic Theory, by Dalton All elements are composed of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. Atoms of the same element are exactly alike. Atoms of different elements are not alike. Compounds are formed by the joining of atoms of two or more elements.

Thomson’s Model In 1897, Thomson proposed that the atom maybe made of even smaller particles. He explained that there were positive charges in the atoms and negative charges scattered throughout. ”plum pudding”

Rutherford’s Model Conducted an experiment concluding that the atom was mostly empty space filled with positive charges. Proposed that the positive charged particles were in the center of the atom, called the nucleus. Outside the nucleus were negative electrons scattered throughout the edge of the atom.

Niels Bohr In 1913, Bohr believed that the electrons traveled in a definite orbit with a certain energy level and certain distance from the nucleus. Each energy level can hold a certain amount of electrons

December 1st Quick Write: What are the four forces of the atom? Which is the strongest force? What does it act as? Explain SWBAT: Identify where each electron is found according to the Bohr model. Draw and identify your mystery atoms! Homework: Finish Bohr Model worksheet Look up the use of each element you identified on your Bohr Model worksheet. bring in the all completed class work from Tuesday tomorrow.

Modern Atomic Model Today we believe that the electrons do not travel a certain path. They do have a certain energy level. They are always moving

The Bohr Model According to the Bohr model each energy level can hold a certain number of electrons. Starting from the first level outside of the nucleus: – Level 1: can hold 2 electrons – Level 2: can hold 8 electrons – Level 3: can hold 18 electrons – Level 4: can hold 32 electrons – Level 5: can hold 32 electrons

Look at the examples below: Second shell Helium 2 He First shell Third shell Hydrogen 1 H 2 He 4.00 Atomic mass Atomic number Element symbol Electron-shell diagram Lithium 3 Li Beryllium 4 Be Boron 3 B Carbon 6 C Nitrogen 7 N Oxygen 8 O Fluorine 9 F Neon 10 Ne Sodium 11 Na Magnesium 12 Mg Aluminum 13 Al Silicon 14 Si Phosphorus 15 P Sulfur 16 S Chlorine 17 Cl Argon 18 Ar Figure 2.8

Physical Science: This Week December 5th SWBAT: Identify where each electron is found according to the Bohr model. Investigate molecular spaces and atomic forces! Draw the Bohr model for atoms. Calculate the number of neutrons found in an atom. Identify the Atomic Number and Mass Number. Observe volume changes, and intermolecular forces. Describe the function of each intermolecular force. Homework: Study your notes Quiz on Thursday for periods 4and 5, Friday for periods 7 and 8 Labs: Observing Intermolecular Forces and Volume changes

December 2nd Quick Write: Take the other Bohr model worksheet packet that you did not work on last night. Take your Classwork: Subatomic Particle Calculation worksheet out to be checked. Complete the Bohr model worksheet. When you are finished write your element on the board and its function or usage you researched. SWBAT: Identify where each electron is found according to the Bohr model. Investigate molecular spaces and atomic forces! Homework: Study your notes review your test

Closure Draw the Bohr model for Arsenic and Beryllium.

December 5th Quick Write: 1.Draw the Bohr Model of the element Boron. 2.There are 21 electrons. – Identify the element – Number of protons – Number of neutrons – Mass number – Atomic number. SWBAT: Draw and identify subatomic particles. Explain the four forces on an atom. Homework: study your notes Quiz Thursday for Periods 4 & 5, Quiz Friday for Periods 7 & 8

The Four Forces Electromagnetic Strong Weak gravity

Forces Within Electromagnetic force: an attraction or repulsion between particles. – same charge they are repelled. – Opposite charges attract – Electrons are kept in orbit because of opposing attraction for the proton But what keeps the positive protons from repelling each other???

Strong Force Opposes the electromagnetic force’s repulsion of protons! glue for the nucleus! Without the strong force there would be no atom! Only works when the protons are close.

Weak Force: – Is the power of the sun – Responsible for radioactive decay – Neutron changes into a proton and electron Gravity: – the weakest force – Not clearly understood

Closure Which force is the weakest and why? Which two forces keep the atom’s structure?