Physical Science1 Laboratory Procedures

2Physical Science Fume Hood Located between lab and prep room Prevents harmful fumes from entering lab May be used for demonstrations Often used by teacher when diluting or disposing of chemicals Open to outside at all times, fan can be turned on for more airflow

3Physical Science Spill Control If you spill on yourself, rinse with water immediately! If you spill on the lab bench or the floor, notify your teacher.

4Physical Science Safety Shower Located next to fume hood Used for chemical spills over large areas of the body. To use: –Stand under shower –Remove effected clothing –Pull down on handle –Push up on bar to shut off

5Physical Science Eye Wash Station Located under safety shower Used for chemicals splashed in eyes To use: –Push lever to turn on –Put eyes in path of spray –Hold eyes open –Remove contact lenses –Stay for 10 minutes

6Physical Science Fire extinguisher Located near lab door To use, remember PASS –Pull pin out –Aim at base of fire –Squeeze trigger –Sweep from side to side

Physical Science7 Fire blanket Located near the fire extinguisher Use to cover a person who is on fire If you are on fire, –Stop, drop, and roll –Someone will get the fire blanket and help you

8Physical Science Fire alarm Located in hallway Use if there is a large or uncontrolled fire Pull alarm and exit the building

9Physical Science Lab attire Goggles and aprons are designed to protect you from chemical spills – wear them Take care to keep your hair and clothing away from chemicals and bunsen burners Be careful with open-toed shoes and shorts or skirts

10Physical Science Use common sense When in lab, pay attention to what you are doing Watch where you are going Don’t push, shove, pinch, startle, or sneak up on anyone Don’t crowd around chemical or weighing stations – everyone will get a turn

11Physical Science Hot glassware Looks the same as cool glassware If you drop hot glassware, don’t catch it with your hands!! –I would rather clean up broken glass than treat you for burns

12Physical Science Broken glassware Sweep the pieces up with the broom Put them in the glass disposal box

13Physical Science Test tubes Available in many sizes Used for many tasks, including mixing and heating of substances

14Physical Science Test tube holder Used to hold test tubes in your hand while heating them

15Physical Science Test tube rack Sets on table Used to hold test tubes during an experiment

16Physical Science Ring stands and rings Variety of uses Often used to support test tubes, beakers, or flasks being heated by a bunsen burner

17Physical Science Graduated cylinders Available in different sizes Use the smallest one that will meet your needs for the best accuracy If measuring a large amount you may need to refill as you measure

18Physical Science Beakers Used to hold chemicals May be used for mixing or heating Only used to measure approximate volumes

19Physical Science Erlenmeyer flasks Used to hold, mix, and heat chemicals To mix, hold by the neck and swirl

20Physical Science Squares Wire mesh and ceramic Used to support beakers and flasks being heated with a bunsen burner

21Physical Science Evaporating dish Used for heating

22Physical Science Watch glasses Curved circular pieces of glass Often used to cover evaporating dishes while heating

23Physical Science Tongs Used to move hot or cold objects

24Physical Science Wash bottle Squeeze bottle Often holds distilled water Never touch the tip of a wash bottle to anything. –After you stop squeezing, the bottle sucks in air. –If there is a chemical on the tip of the bottle, it will suck that in too.

25Physical Science Measuring solids Use a balance Place your weighing paper or other container on the balance. Push the ZERO button. Make sure the balance reads zero before you start putting the material on it.

26Physical Science Measuring solids Add a little at a time so you don’t go over the needed amount. If you get too much, don’t put it back in the bottle. –Give it to someone else who needs it –Or put it in the waste beaker

27Physical Science Measuring liquids Unless the directions say approximately, measure with a graduated cylinder. Use the smallest graduated cylinder that will get the job done – this will be the most accurate.

28Physical Science Measuring liquids Read the graduated cylinder at eye level. –Don’t hold it up to your eyes. –Bring your eyes down to its level by squatting or bending over.

29Physical Science Measuring liquids Pour slowly so you don’t get too much –Be extra careful if you are using a funnel If you get too much, don’t pour it back in the bottle. –Give it to someone else who needs it –Or pour it down the drain with lots of water –Or put it in the waste beaker

30Physical Science The meniscus Measure to the bottom of the meniscus

31Physical Science Using droppers Like wash bottles, make sure the dropper tip doesn’t touch anything. –After you stop squeezing, the dropper sucks in air. –If there is a chemical on the tip of the dropper, it will suck that in too.

32Physical Science Cleaning labware For lightly soiled items: Rinse three times with tap water. Rinse once with distilled water. Place in designated location. For heavily soiled items: Apply a small amount of soap and scrub with your fingers or a brush Rinse with tap water until all the soap is gone (at least three times) Rinse once with distilled water. Place in designated location.