Stimulating Clean Technologies and Practices for Greenhouse Gas Reductions in North Carolina Douglas Crawford-Brown and Beth Shay and Brian Naess UNC Institute for the Environment and DESE UNC at Chapel Hill
People have legitimate needs
In consuming that energy, carbon dioxide is released
Our best estimate: a 60% reduction is required
Which policy?
Human society: a curious mix of technology and behavior
Some terribly complex math… ST(t) = POP(t) x PCST (t) = POP(t) x PCEEN(t) x RF(t) / EFF(t)
Leading to… Change the “goals” of life (PCEEN) Use energy more efficiently (EFF) Improve the release factor (RF) Switch to low carbon energy sources (also RF)
What will it take? An infrastructure rivaling that of the petrol industry. This includes technological, political, economic and social structures that won’t spring up overnight.
So we stop sending $7 billion per year out of the state $$$
And especially avoid solutions that…
Without replacing one environmental problem for another
Optimizing the system
In some cases, it is lack of information, and so…
In some cases, it is a lack of technology, and so…
In some cases, it is competing responsibilities, and so… (LEED construction)
In some cases, it is a lack of examples, and so… (Community Champions)
In some cases, it is a lack of local Providers, and so…
In some cases, it is a lack of initial capital, and so…
In some cases, it is the high initial market cost, and so…
Dividing up the causes and solutions Political regions Municipalities Energy sectors Institutions Individuals
The North Carolina Legislative Global Climate Change Commission Renewable Portfolio Standards Utilities Commission reform State buildings to be LEED Transition of state vehicle fleet Building code reforms
Dividing up the causes and solutions Political regions Municipalities Energy sectors Institutions Individuals
Building the community inventory
Baseline carbon dioxide emissions inventories for each sector
Using one of the main powers of municipal government: planning permission
Location, location, location
Dividing up the causes and solutions Political regions Municipalities Energy sectors Institutions Individuals
Transport takes a lead… Residential Commercial Transport Industrial
Utilities take a lead… Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation
Dividing up the causes and solutions Political regions Municipalities Energy sectors Institutions Individuals
UNC-Chapel Hill carbon dioxide inventory
Dividing up the causes and solutions Political regions Municipalities Energy sectors Institutions Individuals
My carbon dioxide inventory US UK
My personal quandry ???
The need to be warm…
Saint Bernard “Hell is filled with good intentions and desires”