Empirical Studies Pablo Romero Computer Science Department, IIMAS, UNAM

An embodied view of flow 2 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM This talk The scientific method HCI and User Experience Flow Empirical studies The experiment The evaluation plan

An embodied view of flow 3 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM The scientific method Observation Question / Hypothesis Prediction Experimentation Analysis Reporting

An embodied view of flow 4 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM What is HCI? It has to do with quality of design from the user’s perspective The study of interaction between people and digital systems “Designing interactive products to support people in their everyday and working lives”

An embodied view of flow 5 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM What HCI is not Making the interface look pretty Only about desktop computers (and that goes for computing as well!) Something you do if you can’t program Something that would be nice to do but usually there’s no time for it

An embodied view of flow 6 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Usability goals Effective to use Efficient to use Safe to use Have good utility Easy to learn Easy to remember how to use

An embodied view of flow 7 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Design principles Visibility Feedback Constraints Consistency Affordance

An embodied view of flow 8 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Functionality, usability and user experience

An embodied view of flow 9 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Not sensible, but, oh, the joy of it! “Beauty. Charm. Delight. Excitement. Ooh. Aah. Wow! Let me at it. In the end the iPhone is like some glorious early-60s sports car. Not as practical, reliable, economical, sensible or roomy as a family saloon but oh, the joy… The iPhone is a digital experience in the literal sense of the word. The user's digits roam, stroke, tweak, tweeze, pinch, probe, slide, swipe and tap across the glass screen forging a relationship with the device that is like no other.” ･ Stephen Fry, The Guardian, November

An embodied view of flow 10 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM User experience goals –Satisfying- Rewarding –Fun- Support creativity –Enjoyable- Emotionally fulfilling –Entertaining- Engaging –Helpful…and more –Motivating –Aesthetically pleasing

An embodied view of flow 11 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Flow or optimal experience Deep and effortless concentration in the task at hand Body an important part for a deeper and more inclusive concentration

An embodied view of flow 12 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM The research question Does the quality of the user’s experience increase when more parts of him or her are involved?

An embodied view of flow 13 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM The relevance of attention

An embodied view of flow 14 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Multimodal analysis of challenges- skills balance Focusing the physical and cognitive aspects of a person on the same activity will help promote flow episodes more effectively than only considering one of those aspects Preliminary study Develop game Evaluation

An embodied view of flow 15 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Empirical Studies Test hypotheses to discover new knowledge by investigating the relationship between two or more things – i.e., variables –Independent variable: aspects of a user (intellectual, physical) –Dependent variable: experience of a user (flow) Typically compare two or more conditions looking for significant differences

An embodied view of flow 16 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM The preliminary study Two groups –With a count (physical- intellectual) –As is (physical) Asking –How well were you concentrating? –Was it hard to concentrate?

An embodied view of flow 17 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM En este momento me siento

An embodied view of flow 18 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM En este momento me siento

An embodied view of flow 19 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Al momento de jugar el juego

An embodied view of flow 20 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Al momento de jugar el juego

An embodied view of flow 21 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Al momento de jugar el juego (cont)

An embodied view of flow 22 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Si comparas las dos versiones del juego

An embodied view of flow 23 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM El experimento Each one run 4 experimental sessions –2 with count –2 without Materials at – nvestigacion/Experimento.html

An embodied view of flow 24 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Analysis and reporting Compare the scores of the two conditions applying a statistical test looking for statistical significance Write the paper describing the experiment and its results Send to ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI-2012)

An embodied view of flow 25 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Developing and evaluating the game The preliminary study will inform development Activity more integrated Evaluation –At Universum –Taking physiological data into account

An embodied view of flow 26 Pablo Romero, IIMAS, UNAM Further work Embodied view of flow in other domains Discriminating captive, effortful and effortless attention Effortless attention: narrow or wide? Flow and addictions