Retrieval: Getting Information Out By: Skylar Seeley, Jimmy Fate, Brooke Thonhoff, and Severin Lier.

Question #7 How do we get information out of our memory?

Vocabulary ●Recall- a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test. ●Recognition- a measure of memory in which the person only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test. ●Relearning- a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time. ●Priming- the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory.

Answer- Recall is the ability to retrieve information not in a conscious awareness; just like fill in the blank tests. Recognition is the ability to identify items previously learned; just like multiple choice tests. Relearning is to master previously stored information quicker or faster than what you originally took in the first time learning the information. Retrieval cues catch our attention and tweak our web of associations, helping to move target information into conscious awareness. Priming is the process of activating associations. These processes can usually lead to other things locked into your brain.

Examples- ●if you see or hear with word rabbit you activate a concept and you then start to spell it and know how to speak the word Rabbit (Priming awakening associations) ●If Oprah and Brad Pitt weren’t famous their high school classmates would still recognize their high school yearbook photos ( Remembering things past)

Anecdote- One day, Bob got a call from a man named Jim. This man claimed to be one of Bob’s good friends from high school. Bob had known several “Jims” in his high school and he wasn’t sure which one it was, because this Jim neglected to mention his last name. Jim asked him if he wanted to get lunch at Subway. Immediately, Bob knew it must be Jim McDonald, because he remembered how much Jim liked Subway sandwiches in high school. The Next day he met up with Jim McDonald. They had a great time talking about old times. The end

Question #8 How do external contexts and internal emotions influence memory retrieval?

Vocabulary Deja vu- that eerie sense that “ I’ve experienced this before.” Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of earlier experiences. Mood-congruent memory- the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood

Answer- There are a few cues that help us to retrieve memories. The context in which you first experienced an event or encoded a thought can suddenly enter our minds when put into a similar situation. This is often what leads to deja vu. Memories may also be retrieved based on our specific emotions at the time you encoded a certain memory. Mood-congruent memory is an example of this, and it primes us to interpret others’ behavior in ways consistent with our current mood.

Examples- 1. If you and your spouse had your first dance to a song called 'Take My Breath Away,' you are more likely to recall the details of your first dance when you hear that same song. The song would be your retrieval cue. 2. If someone is depressed, they will likely only recall negative or painful memories and dwell on them; it is unlikely that someone in a bad mood will think of pleasant memories.

Anecdote- Timothy went to a summer camp. He hated it because one night while singing camp songs around the fire, the bullies in the camp through gooey roasted marshmallows in his hair. This made him very angry. To this day, Timothy can’t sing camp songs or eat marshmallows without feeling angry. The end

Review Quiz 1. Déjà vu is the sense that you have ________ an event. a.already seen b.forgotten c.triggered 2. The tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current mood is called a ________. a.bad memory b.good memory c.mood-congruent memory 3. The activation of certain associations that leads to the pre disposing of perception, memory, or response is called ________. a.recognizing b.priming c.relearning

Quiz (cont.). The ability to retrieve information not in conscious awareness is called _______. a.recalling b.memorizing c.recognizing 5. The measure of a memory in which the person only needs to identify items previously learned is called _______. a.recognition b.recalling c.Priming 6. If someone is depressed they are more likely to recall on ________ memories? a.happy b.sad and painful c.loving

Quiz (cont.) 7. T/F Relearning information indicates memory. 8. T/F Moods and memories have a strong connection. 9. T/F Often priming occurs without our awareness. 10. T/F Your mood cannot be a cue for the retrieval of a memory.

Key 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.F