What’s New in Hydroacoustics? September 2008 Kevin Oberg With help from David Mueller, Chad Wagner, Ryan Jackson, Mike Rehmel, and Jon Czuba

What’s New? Equipment Software Methods & Policy Publications Training RS Live, RiverRay, ADC WRII, new tools Moving bed tests, Other New reports Webinars, schedule for formal training courses, Web-based training Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

New SonTek YSI Profilers 5-beam profiler 4 beam Janus configuration –3 Mhz –Velocity profiling range ~0.2 m to 5.0 m 1 vertical beam for depth measurement –1 Mhz –Range ~ m S5 Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Units not available for sale – Oct Pre-release specs – Subject to change

New SonTek YSI Profilers 9-beam 3-frequency profiler 4 beams at 1 Mhz 4 beams at 3 Mhz kHz (depth) Nominal velocity profiling range ~0.3 m – 30.0 m Vertical beam range ~80m M9 Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Units not available for sale – Oct Pre-release specs – Subject to change

Prototype ADP, GPS, & Float Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training SonTek/YSI plans to offer a trimaran and their own monohull design, not necessarily similar to this monohull Units not available for sale – Oct Pre-release specs – Subject to change

Automatic Configuration Automatic velocity cell size adjustment Automatic switching between pulse-coherent and narrowband M9 profiler will switch between 1 and 3 Mhz on the fly Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Software and Data Data are stored in profiler. Data viewed and profiler controlled with laptop and/or Windows Mobile device (Motorola Q Phone) Bluetooth or Freewave telemetry Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Units not available for sale – Oct Pre-release specs – Subject to change

Ott ADC Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Comparison Qm’s SiteFlowT QADC Q% Diff.Comments Copper Slough Slight difference in XS-rod placement Palos Park High velocity fluctuations Oakwood Bismarck Small velocity fluctuations Joliet Flow angles? Coal City Horizontal velocity gradient/turbulence Flossmoor Low velocity spikes due to large cobbles (both FT and ADC) Oak Forest Large velocity gradient Mean -1.4 Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Lag in Velocity Due to Sampling Volume Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Sampling Volume Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training FlowTracker Ott ADC

ADC Enhancements Compute/record/display flow angles Store velocity time series (not just final value) Provide software that supports analysis of above data Real time beam checks When point velocity measurement is invalid, prompt user for doing another velocity observation (at a different location) Working with Ott to implement enhancements Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

TRDI – RiverRay Phased array transducer (flat face) 30-degree beams (larger unmeasured area) Single frequency – 600 kHz 2 prototypes delivered in September Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Units not available for sale as of Sept. 2008

TRDI – RiverRay Integrated float with Bluetooth comms (default) Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Units not available for sale as of Sept. 2008

RiverRay Features Will default to an ‘auto’ mode. Will consist of both pulse coherent (WM 5/11-like and incoherent modes (WM1) all at the same time Depth cell sizes will depend on depth and which ‘mode’ is used to make the velocity measurement Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

TRDI RiverRay DepthMeasurement Type Ambiguity resolution Depth cells/size < 0.6 m 3 pulse-coherent (PC) pings None510 cm 0.6 – 1.5 m Pulse coherent modes (WM 5/11 like) Yes20 cm 1.5 – 5.0 m Attempt pulse-coherent; if not use mode 1/12 type mode For PC mode ?20 cm 5.0 – 10 m 2 near-surface PC pings, Ambiguity ping + plus as many WM1-like pings as can be done to get 1-sec update rate ?40 cm 10 – 20 m Same as above ?80 cm Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training This information is preliminary and subject to change

Use of Ultra- Mobile PCs Example UMPC with Wireless and Bluetooth Cost: ~$1,000 Instrument News article – Sonny Anderson Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Noticed many problems in fast flows Air entrainment and/or ADCP being ‘pulled’ out of the water RFP for a new boat is out. High Speed Tethered Boat Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

RC Boat – OceanScience Problems with High-speed boat - nose submerging in low velocities. Caused by deformation of plastic used. OS working on solution. Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

RC Boat – SeaRobotics Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training CA WSC using 2 boats for mapping applications. Still some work needed

WinRiver II Status Numerous bugs in version 2.02 OSW has tested several beta releases since early August. Program is more stable now; waiting on a final beta to test Release of 2.03 in November? Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Communications OSW strongly encourages users to use USB-to-serial adapters with laptops – even those that have a built-in RS-232 See Hydroacoustics Forums for info on suggested models ( HIF will stock a 2-port USB-to-serial adapter for purchase. Cost ~ $35. Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

MidSection Software – Sontek Methods as documented by Sontek seem correct Limited testing has been done Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

MidSection (SxS) Software – TRDI Some concerns about algorithms used in TRDI SxS software WRII 2.02 SxS can crash and user will be unable to resume Qm TRDI addressing technical concerns. Changes may appear in WRII version 2.03? Very limited testing Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

MidSection Software OSW strongly discourages use of ‘home- grown’ SxS computations due to various possible technical problems such as: –Flow angles –Extrapolation –Valid manual computations are time consuming and are difficult to check Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Automated QA / QC Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Automated QA / QC Prototype auto QA/QC delivered to TRDI and SonTek 18 months ago. Both vendors say they are committed to incorporating this into their software. TRDI has promised to focus on this in their first major update to WinRiver II in 2009 SonTek/YSI is incorporating some of this into RiverSurveyor-Live software Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Extrapolation Analysis Tool Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

SMBA (Stationary Moving bed Analysis) Updated to process corrections from multiple moving bed tests Effectiveness of the approach used to do this is still being studied Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

LC (Loop Correction) Distributes loop correction across cross section based on near bed velocities Preferred loop correction method Improvements planned –User interface –Check quality of compass cal –Report number of invalid ensembles Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

GPS – Collect VTG & GGA GGA VTG VTG is Doppler-based measurement Less sensitive to multi-path effects Usually results in better quality data Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Moving-Bed Tests USGS policy will require that a moving-bed test (MBT) be collected prior to every Qm No exceptions! Use the SMBA and LC software to analyze MBT’s Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training 560 feet in 540 s => 1 ft/s MB velocity

Moving-Bed Tests Three acceptable methods for performing a MBT 1.stationary test - no GPS 2.stationary test - with GPS, or 3.the loop method For stationary MBT’s, we suggest multiple MBT’s Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Flow D UP DeploymentDuration of SMBT’s Tethered boat5 minutes Anchored boat5 minutes Boat with DGPS5 minutes All other10 minutes

Moving-Bed Conditions MethodRequirements DGPSValid GPS dataValid Compass Calibration LoopMaintain BTValid Compass Calibration SMBT’sRemain stationaryValid BT for transects MidsectionUse mfgr software Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training D UP Order of preference 1.DGPS 2.Loop correction method 3.Multiple stationary MBT’s 4.Section by section software

Current USGS Policy for Qm’s USGS policy is that 4-transect mean is used as a measured discharge under steady flow conditions Policy was arrived at somewhat arbitrarily – did not have a rigorous scientific basis Reflects need to have good spatial and temporal averaging Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Number of Transects Analysis 28 comparisons having 12-transects were used 12-transect mean was assumed to be ‘true’ Q Percent difference for 1-, 2-, 4-, 6- and 8-pass means computed Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

RG Exposure Time Analysis Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Oberg and Mueller (2007a). “Validation of Streamflow Measurements Made with ADCPs.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 133(12),

Exposure Time For ADCP Qm’s Exposure time (D) is the total time spent sampling the flow Oberg and Mueller (2007) suggest that D is more important than number of transects for reducing uncertainty in Q OSW is conducting tests to validate this hypothesis Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

StreamPro Exposure Time Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Validation Data Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Possible policy – For steady flows, D must be ≥ 720 s & minimum of 2 transects

Discharge Measure- ment ‘Manual’ Techniques and Methods Report Expected to be approved and published – Oct-Dec 2008 Compilation of OSW technical memos, QA Plan, and Simpson report, plus new guidance Replacement for ‘Simpson’ report Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Capability Fact Sheet Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Evaluation of GPS Receivers and VTG Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Report will be published in Selected results: –Recommend use Novatel Smart Antenna or Hemisphere Crescent A100 –Trimble AgGPS 132 and similar models have some known issues with VTG data –Testing of these receivers is underway; Environment Canada uses Novatel –Don’t use handheld receivers

Using ADCPs in Moving Bed Conditions Web-based class has been developed Currently undergoing review / revision Should be available early in FY09 Will be offered via NTC / DOILearn Flow D UP Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Status of Classes 10 – 12 1-week classes taught annually! –7 Basic ADCP –2 Index Velocity –2 Refresher classes –Classes are in high demand. Short courses at Data Conferences & elsewhere Possible velocity mapping / analysis class in late 2009 Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Proposed Schedule Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training Course ID USGS ClassesDateLocation SW1321Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's10/27/08Louisville, KY SW1319 Streamflow Record Computation using ADVM's and Index-velocity Methods 11/18/08Denver, CO SW1321Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's01/26/09Houston, TX SW1321Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's03/23/09Orlando, FL SW2441 Introduction to WinRiver II and ADCP Refresher with StreamPro 05/04/09Asheville, NC SW1321 Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's (SonTek) 05/04/09Louisville, KY SW1321Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's05/18/09Lowell, MA SW1319 Streamflow Record Computation using ADVM's and Index-velocity Methods 07/14/09Denver, CO SW2441 Introduction to WinRiver II and ADCP Refresher with StreamPro 08/03/09Portland, OR SW1321Streamflow Measurements Using ADCP's08/24/09Portland, OR

Other Training Info Will be looking to add new Web-based classes, perhaps Key Concepts, Water Modes, etc. (costly) OSW has maintained their own training registration system. We will no longer use that system. Users will register via DOILearn. Supervisor approvals needed in timely manner if you want to get into the class Equipment | Software | Methods/Policy | Publications | Training

Questions?

Changes Needed SxS GPS – Loop (1 and 2) after that multiple MBT’s and SxS are even. If cannot BT –GPS – have to have good GPS and comp cal –Loop – must be able to BT and comp cal –SMBT - Home-grown SxS Caveats about units not available for sale HIF Stocking USB-serial