1 Foodborne & Waterborne Disease Viruses Suphachai Nuanualsuwan DVM, MPVM, PhD 1. Introduction.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Understanding Food Chapter 3: Food Safety. The United States food supply is probably the safest in the world Federal and state regulations Federal and.

Advertisements

Reoviruses, Rotaviruses and Caliciviruses Chapter 37.

Infectious Diseases of the Digestive System. GI Tract.

Dr. Abdulkarim Alhetheel / Dr. Malak Elhazmi Assistant Professor College of Medicine & KKUH VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS.

Rotavirus Rota – means wheel-like in greek

Introduction to viruses

General properties of viruses 1-They are very small in size, from nm 2-They contain one kind of nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) as their genome 3-They.

VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS. Viruses associated with gastroenteritis Etiologic agents in severe diarrheal illnesses requiring H of infants.

VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS

Environmental Health Microbiology ENVR 133

Constructed Wetlands and Pathogens By Stephanie Boone.

Bianca L. Tristan, PhD Student Walden University PUBH 8165-Environmental Health Instructor: Dr. Howard Rubin Summer, 2010 Public Health Department Staff.

Norwalk Virus Scott VasporyCraig Pritch October 4, 2005.

Introduction to the Viruses: General properties of viruses: 1-They are very small in size, from  m. 2-They contain one kind of nucleic acid (RNA.

An Introduction to the Viruses

Epidemiology of Foodborne Disease ENVR 421 Mark D. Sobsey.

Viral Hepatitis A “Infectious” “Serum” Viral hepatitis Enterically transmitted Parenterally transmitted F, G, ? other E NANB BD C.

Diarrhoeal Viruses An Overview. Viral Gastroenteritis It is thought that viruses are responsible for up to 3/4 of all infective diarrhoeas. Viral gastroenteritis.

(+) Stranded RNA Viruses III

1 What are Viruses? Obligate intracellular parasites Viral components –Nucleic acids –Capsid –Envelope.

Rotaviruses Kaemwich Jantama Chemical Engineering.

Forms of Contamination that Cause Foodborne Illness Unit 3: Food Safety.

Introduction to the Viruses: General properties of viruses: 1-They are very small in size, from  m. 2-They contain one kind of nucleic acid (RNA.

Beyond Viruses…… Can create an “infection” that can lead to the death of the “infected organism? …appears to be able to replicate itself… …is not a bacteria!

DR. MOHAMMED ARIF ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR CONSULTANT VIROLOGIST HEAD OF THE VIROLOGY UNIT Viral gastroenteritis ( Viral diarrhea ).

Gastrointestinal Viruses. Viral Gastroenteritis It is thought that viruses are responsible for up to 3/4 of all infective diarrhoeas. Viral gastroenteritis.

DR. MOHAMMED ARIF ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR CONSULTANT VIROLOGIST HEAD OF THE VIROLOGY UNIT Viral gastroenteritis ( Viral diarrhea ).

What do you know about Viruses? 1. What are the 5 most common viral infections? 2. Name 2 similarities between a virus and a bacteria? 3. Name 2 differences.

ENVR 195 Viruses: Introduction and Overview

Noroviruses and Food borne Disease: A Little Pathogen that Causes Big Problems Lee-Ann Jaykus, Ph.D. Professor and IAFP President.

Viruses of Diarrhoea Ziad Elnasser, MD, Ph.D. Viral Gastroenteritis  It is thought that viruses are responsible for up to 3/4 of all infective diarrhoeas.

Foodborne & Waterborne

Viruses associated with gastrointestial tract infections Medical Virology Lecture 03/04 Youjun Feng Center for Infection & Immunity, Zhejiang University.

1 Foodborne & Waterborne Disease Viruses Suphachai Nuanualsuwan DVM, MPVM, PhD 3. Hepatitis viruses.

Classification of Classification is by two ways: 1. By structure of nucleic acid 2. By size, envelope, capsid shape Tobacco mosaic virus : 1.

Viruses are the smallest infectious diseases (ranging from nm) They are obligatory intracellular parasites without own metabolism (being parasites.

NH Department of Health and Human Services Division of Public Health Services Norovirus Activity New Hampshire, Beth Daly, MPH Communicable Disease.

Ch 27.1 and 27.2 By: Dom Carter and Matt McKay. Viruses Viruses aren’t cells Has a basic structure with a core nucleic acid surrounded by a protein Lacks.

Neuroviruses. Structure and biological properties of poliovirus, lyssavirus, encephalitis viruses.

The efficacy of preservation methods to reduce the level of viruses is subdivided into methods: 1. To hinder microbial growth during storage 2. To inactivate.

ENTEROVIRUSES Family: Small, spherical, Icosahedral, Single stranded RNA.

Epidemiology of Drinking Waterborne and Foodborne Disease

Waterborne Pathogens: Viruses February 16 th -18 th, 2010.

Viruses and what they do -

Viruses The Interface Between Living and Nonliving.

Superv. : Dr. Gomaa Abdelrahim Abdullalim By Khaled Al-Duraimeeh Abdullah Al-Sgair Majmaah University Collage of science in Al- Zulfi Medical.

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions Unit 03 Microbiology.

VIRUSES. Describe some of the characteristics of viruses. Tiny, non-living particles Do not respire, move & grow Cannot reproduce on their own Must reproduce.

VIRAL & FUNGAL INFECTIONS OF GIT Assist Prof Dr. Syed Yousaf Kazmi.

 Virus: A biological particle composed of nucleic acid and protein  Intracellular Parasites: organism that must “live” inside a host.

Lec1: General properties of viruses

29/08/ principle of virology إعداد مرتضى عبد المهدي محمد حسن المظفرمرتضى عبد المهدي محمد حسن المظفر E- mail : mail :

Classification of Medically Important Two components of virus are used in classification : 1. Molecular weight & structure of nucleic acid 2.

How are viruses transmitted?. What is a virus? What are the characteristics of living organisms?

Section 3: Bacteria, Viruses, and Humans

Viral structure م.م رنا مشعل

Virus: A microorganism that is smaller than a bacterium that cannot grow or reproduce apart from a living cell. A virus invades living cells and uses their.

MICROBIAL FOOD SAFETY A FOOD SYSTEMS APPROACH

بسم الله الرحمن الرحمن.

Diarrhoeal Viruses An Overview.

Introduction Viral Structure

INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL VIROLOGY Asist.Prof.Baydaa Hameed

KEY CONCEPT Infections can be caused in several ways.

VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS

Presentation transcript:

1 Foodborne & Waterborne Disease Viruses Suphachai Nuanualsuwan DVM, MPVM, PhD 1. Introduction

2 Foodborne and waterborne disease viruses Top 3 foodborne disease outbreak during (10 years) following bacteria and chemical Data from CDC most updated unknown etiology was ~ 64% passive record Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

3 Etiology % Outbreak Bacteria 28 Chemicals 5.6 Parasites 0.7 Viruses 1.9 Known etiology36.6 Unknown etiology63.7 Outbreak by etiology Source : CDC 1996 Surveillance for foodborne disease outbreaks-US MMWR 45(ss-5): 1-71 CDC 2000 Surveillance for foodborne disease outbreaks-US MMWR 49(ss-1): 1-62

4 Etiology % Cases Bacteria Parasites 6.58 Viruses Noroviruses59.54 Rotavirus10.10 Astrovirus10.10 Hepatitis A virus 0.22 Estimated cases by etiology Source : Mead, et al Food related illness and death in the United Stated Emerging Infectious diseases 5(5)

5 Foodborne and waterborne viruses Estimated Top 1 of food-related illness Higher than bacteria & parasites combined Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

6 Common properties among FB-WB viruses inert transmissible particles fecal-oral route human specific non-cytopathic effect non-enveloped viruses Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

7 Common properties of FB-WB disease viruses 1. inert transmissible particles viruses are not a living organism diameter of < 30 nanometers (mostly) icosahedral symmetry single stranded RNA (+) (mostly) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp) intracellular parasites Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

8 What is VIRUS ? A group of infectious agents characterized by their inability to reproduce outside of a living host cell. Viruses may subvert the host cells' normal functions, causing the cell to behave in a manner determined by the virus. Virion: Virus particle – Infectious (native) or noninfectious Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

9 Icosahedral symmetry Noroviruses Poliovirus type 1

10 Nonenveloped enteric viruses in human DiameterNucleic acid (nm) Stranded RNA DNA 25-38singleAstrovirusParvovirus Calicivirus Coronavirus Picornavirus 70-85doubleReovirusAdenovirus Rotavirus

11 Diameter of Hepatitis A virus ~ 28 nmDiameter of Calicivirus ~ 30 nm diameter of < 30 nanometers (mostly) Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

12 Common properties of FB-WB disease viruses 2. Fecal oral route transmission virus ingestion -> virus shedding direct transmission fecal-oral route person-to-person route indirect transmission food & water fomite Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

13 Common properties of FB-WB disease viruses 3. Human adaptation all FB-WB disease viruses are human specific except Hepatitis E virus(HEV) and Tick-borne encephalitis virus associated with sanitation rather than undercooked meat Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

14 Common properties of FB-WB disease viruses 4. Difficult to culture in laboratory human specific no lab host cells or no cytopathic effect(CPE) renders infectivity test difficult RT-PCR is a leading diagnostic tool yet cannot differentiate infectious and inactivated viruses Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

15 Common properties of FB-WB disease viruses 5. Non-enveloped viruses all FB-WB disease viruses are non-enveloped resistant to environmental condition e.g. pH, heating, UV Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

16 Foodborne and Waterborne Disease Viruses 1. Noroviruses(NV) formerly Norwalk-like viruses 2. Rotaviruses 3. Hepatitis A virus(HAV) 4. Hepatitis E virus(HEV) 5. Other viruses Astrovirus Parvovirus Tick-borne encephalitis virus Enteroviruses Adenovirus Coronavirus Suphachai DVM, MPVM, PhD

17