Traducción. Molécula de aminoácido Sitio de fijación del aminoácido Adaptador (RNAt) RNAm Triplete nucleotídico que codifica un aminoácido + -O 2 C—C—NH.

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Traducción

Molécula de aminoácido Sitio de fijación del aminoácido Adaptador (RNAt) RNAm Triplete nucleotídico que codifica un aminoácido + -O 2 C—C—NH 3 | |HR Hipótesis de Crick del adaptador de RNAt

3' 5' 5'3' Triplete del anticodón Brazo T  C Brazo del aminoácido anticodón BrazoDHU Brazon del aminoácido BrazoDHU Brazo T  C Brazoextra RNA de Transferencia  pseudouridina I inosina T ribotimidina DHU 5,6-dihidroxiuridina m 1 I 1-metilinosina m 1 G 1-metilguanisina m21G N 2 -dimetilguanosina

O O O -O-O-O-OP CH 2 Adenina H H H H H R O OH O O CC + NH 3 Grupoaminoacilo Brazoaminoácido Brazoanticodón BrazoDHU Brazo T  C 5'pG Aminoacil tRNA

Factores de regulación en la síntesis de proteína DNA Gen Transcripción Procesamientopos-transcripcional Nucleótidos Degradación del mRNA mRNA maduro Aminoácidos Proteína(inactiva) Proteína(activa) Traducción Degradación proteica

Ribosoma bacteriano 70S M r 2.5 x 10 6 Ribosoma eucariotico 80S M r 4.2 x S 60S 30S 40S M r 1.6 x 10 6 rRNA 5S (120 nucleótidos) rRNA 23S nucleótidos 34 proteínas M r 2.8 x 10 6 rRNA 5S (120 nucleótidos) rRNA 28S (4.700 nucleótidos) rRNA 5.8S (160 nucleótidos) ~49 proteínas M r 0.9 x 10 6 rRNA 16S (120 nucleótidos) 1,540 nucleótidos 21 proteínas M r 1.4 x 10 6 rRNA 18S (120 nucleótidos) 1,900 nucleótidos ~33 proteínas Ribosomas procarióticos y eucarióticos

Alanina Arginina Asparagina Ac. aspart. Cysteina Glutamina Ac. glutami. Glycina Histidina Isoleucina Leucina Lysina Metionina Fenilalina Prolina Serina Treonina Triptofano Tirosina Valina Ala Arg Asn Asp Cys Gln Glu Gly His Ile Leu Lys Met Phe Pro Ser Thr Trp Tyr Val Aminoácido Abreviatura El color indica a qué aminoácido se destina el codón U C A G U UUU UUC UUA UUG CUU CUG CUA CUG AUU AUC AUA AUG GUU GUC GUA GUG C UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CGA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC GCA GCG A UAU UAC UAA UAG CAU CAC CAA CAG AAU AAC AAA AAG GAU GAC GAA GAG G UGU UGC UGA UGG CGU CGC CGA CGG AGU AGC AGA AGG GGU GGC GGA GGG Segunda base Primera base Tercera base Codón de paro de traducción UC A G UC A G UC A G UC A G * * * * Código genético

tRNA Met Metionina +

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