Radicals 07/27/12lntaylor ©
Table of Contents Learning Objectives Parts of a Radical Simplifying Radicals Radical Expressions Estimating Radicals Practice 07/27/12lntaylor ©
LO1: LO2: Define and differentiate radicals, radicands and root index Estimate and simplify radical expressions 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Learning Objectives
PK1:Knowledge of exponent operations 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Previous Knowledge
Def1: Def2: 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Parts of a Radical Expression (Definitions) Def3:
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Simplifying Radicals Step1:To simplify a radical you must first know your perfect squares Step2:Only then will you understand the square roots Step3:Memorize the following charts (perfect squares and square roots)
07/27/12 lntaylor © TOC SquaresEquivalents > 4 > > > > > > 64 > 81 > 100 > > > > > clear answers
07/27/12 lntaylor © TOC Square RootsEquivalents > 2 > > > > > > 8 > 9 > 10 > > > > > clear answers
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Square RootsEquivalents > 2 > > > > > > 8 > 9 > 10 > > > note Do you see that the square root of a number squared is that number? clear answers
Step1: Step2: This radicand (24) is not a perfect square Therefore – find the perfect square! Start by factoring the radicand into a perfect square times a number What are the factors of 24? 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: Only one combination includes a perfect square Rewrite the problem with 2 radicals Step4:Simplify (reduce) the radical containing the perfect square Leave the other alone Step5:This is your final answer =2(12) 3(8) 4(6)
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: This radicand (28) is not a perfect square Therefore – find the perfect square! Start by factoring the radicand into a perfect square times a number What are the factors of 28? 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: Only one combination includes a perfect square Rewrite the problem with 2 radicals Step4:Simplify (reduce) the radical containing the perfect square Leave the other alone Step5:This is your final answer =2(14) 3(not a whole number) 4(7)
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: This radicand is not a perfect square Therefore – find the perfect square! Start by factoring the radicand into a perfect square times a number What are the factors of the radicand? 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: make sure you factor out all perfect squares! Rewrite the problem with 3 radicals Step4:Simplify (reduce) any radicals containing the perfect squares Leave the other alone Step5:This is your final answer =9(8) 9(4)(2)
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: This radicand is not a perfect square Therefore – find the perfect square! Start by factoring the radicand into a perfect square times a number What are the factors of the radicand? 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: make sure you factor out all perfect squares! Rewrite the problem with 3 radicals Step4:Simplify (reduce) any radicals containing the perfect squares Leave the other alone Step5:This is your final answer =25(27) 25(9)(3)
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: This radicand is not a perfect square Therefore – find the perfect square! Start by factoring the radicand into a perfect square times a number What are the factors of the radicand? 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: make sure you factor out all perfect squares! Rewrite the problem with radicals Step4:Simplify (reduce) any radicals containing the perfect squares Leave the other alone Step5:This is your final answer =16(10)
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Radical Expressions Step1:To simplify radical expressions you must first understand exponents Step2:Only then will you understand the radical expressions Step3:Memorize the following charts (square root exponents)
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Square RootsEquivalents > 2x > > > > > > > 2xy > > > note Do you see that the square root of an even exponent is half the exponent; the square root of an odd exponent puts half the exponent outside the radical and leaves an exponent of 1 under the radical? clear answers
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Radical Expressions Note:If you understood the preceding chart then you are ready to go on!
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Step1: Step2: To do these properly you must “unpack” each part of the expression There are 2 parts here! Start by factoring each radicand 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: make sure you have factored out all perfect squares! Simplify the problem Step4:This is your final answer 2x(3y) 6xy
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: To do these properly you must “unpack” each part of the expression There are 2 parts here! Start by factoring each radicand 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: make sure you have factored out all perfect squares! Simplify the problem Step4:This is your final answer (9y)
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: To do these properly you must “unpack” each part of the expression There are 2 parts here! Start by factoring the perfect squares out of each radicand 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: make sure you have factored out all perfect squares! Rewrite the problem Cancel any terms Step4:This is your final answer
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: To do these properly you must “unpack” each part of the expression There are 2 parts here! Start by factoring the perfect squares out of each radicand 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Hint: make sure you have factored out all perfect squares! Rewrite the problem Cancel any terms Step4:This is your final answer
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Estimating Radicals
Step1: Step2: Estimating a radical is not difficult First figure out which two perfect squares it lies between Factor the perfect squares onto a number line 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Find the range between the perfect square radicands(64 – 49) This becomes the denominator Subtract the middle radicand (60) from the lower radicand (49) This becomes the numerator Estimate the decimal equivalent of the fraction Step4: – 49 = 15 __ – 49 = ≈
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: Estimating a radical is not difficult First figure out which two perfect squares it lies between Factor the perfect squares onto a number line 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Find the range between the perfect square radicands(100 – 86) This becomes the denominator Subtract the middle radicand (86) from the lower radicand (81) This becomes the numerator Estimate the decimal equivalent of the fraction Step4: – 81 = 19 __ – 81 = 5 5 ≈
07/26/12lntaylor © TOC
Step1: Step2: Estimating a radical is not difficult First figure out which two perfect squares it lies between Factor the perfect squares onto a number line 07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Step3:Find the range between the perfect square radicands This becomes the denominator Subtract the middle radicand from the lower radicand This becomes the numerator Estimate the decimal equivalent of the fraction Step4: – 196 = 29 __ – 196 = 4 4 ≈
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC Practice
07/27/12lntaylor © TOC ProblemAnswer > ≈ 5.78 > > > > > ≈ > ≈ 4.44 > > clear answers