1 Pertemuan 25 Ethical Leadership and Diversity Matakuliah: MPG / Leadership and Organisation Tahun: 2007 Versi: versi/revisi 1

2 Learning Outcomes After studying this chapter students should be able to: Understand the difficulties in defining and assessing ethical leadership. Understand the major conceptions of ethical leadership and how they relate to current leadership theories. Understand how gender issues have been studied and the limitations of this research. Understand the findings in research on gender differences in leadership. Understand how the difficulties of studying cross-cultural leadership and limitations of past research on this subject. Understand why it is important to manage diversity and provide equal opportunity to all members of an organisation.

3 Outline Materi Ethical Leadership Gender and Leadership Leadership in Different Cultures Managing Diversity Summary Review and Discussion Questions Cases

4 Ethical Leadership and Diversity

5 Ethical Leadership General conceptions of ethical leadership Diverse perspectives on ethical leadership –Burns –Heifetz –Greenleaf Personal Integrity and Ethical Leadership Dilemmas in Evaluating Ethical Leadership –Influencing expectations –Influencing values and beliefs –Multiple stakeholders

6 Promoting ethics versus opposing unethical practices –Promoting an ethical climate –Opposing unethical practices Determinants of ethical leadership Future research on ethical leadership

7 Gender and Leadership Sex-based discrimination –Implicit theories –Stereotypes and role expectations –Other explanations –Feminine advantage Research on Gender Differences –“there is little reason to believe that either women or men make superior managers, or that women and men are differetn types of manager. …” Powel (1990, p.74)

8 Leadership in Different Cultures Importance of cross- cultural research Cultural influences on leadership behavior Types of research and difficulties Cross-cultural differences in leadership behavior The globe project

9 Examples of cultural dimensions –Power distance –Individualism –Uncertainty avoidance –Gender egalitarianism

10 Managing Diversity Foster appreciation and tolerance of diversity –Guidelines for managing diversity Set an example in your own behavior of appreciation for diversity Encourage respect for individual differences Promote understanding of different values, beliefs, and traditions Explain the benefits of diversity for the team or organization Encourage and support others who seek to promote tolerance of diversity Provide equal opportunity

11 Closing Summary –Conceptions of Ethical Leadership –Leaders’ ethical behaviors –Sex-based discrimination –Cross-cultural Leadership –Management of Diversity

12 Review and Discussion Questions Case –Madison, Jones, and Conklin Companion Website : Exercises and Reading