The Chinese Civil War 1946-1949 1.Why did war break out in 1946? 2.Why did the CCP win the Civil War?

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Presentation transcript:

The Chinese Civil War Why did war break out in 1946? 2.Why did the CCP win the Civil War?

China in 1945 August 1945 – Japan surrender CCP took the surrender

CCP or GMD? 1.Regarded by the Western World as the legitimate government of China 2.The more powerful military group with 2.7 million men in their army (3x larger) 3.Had the public support of the USA and the USSR 4.In 1945 the party had a membership of 1.2 million 5.Strongest in the North

Why did the Civil war break out in 1946? Cold War context and the Soviet Union’s attitude to China led to negotiations between the parties in Chongqing Oct 1945 – agreement to set up a democracy, united GMD/CCP military force, hold elections for a national assembly BUT could not agree on who should lead army and local government areas

CCP and GMD military status GMD the more powerful with 2.7 million men, airforce, heavy artillery. 50,000 US marines supporting GMD CCP have 1.2 million men in the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Soviet Union seized 100,000 guns and artillery pieces from Japan in Manchuria – gave them to CCP (1945) Enabled CCP to move into Manchuria

Nov 1945 US and GMD troops occupy Beijing and move into Manchuria Soviet Union order CCP to give up Manchurian cities Dec 1945 Truman sends George Marshall to China to preserve peace Jan 1946 Ceasefire signed Compromise deal agreed for democratic elections and a united front army. Soviet Union start to withdraw from Manchuria.

War is declared Chiang determined not to accept parliamentary democracy – feared losing power War breaks out in Manchuria GMD and USA march into Manchuria CCP seize Harbin July 1946 GMD all out assault on CCP in North in order to wipe them out Dec 1946 Massive student protests against USA Jan 1947 Marshall leaves China China is at war

Why did the CCP win the Civil War? FactorsGMDCCP Military Factors Political Factors Economic Factors Popular Support International Support Leadership Use pages of the Stewart book to help you fill in the table

Homework Assess the reasons for the communist victory in the Chinese Civil War I am looking for links! Hand in on Thursday 7th January 2010! Advance Notice Test on Key Issues 2 and 3 on Thursday 14 th January P4