UNIT 7

 STRAIN  TEAR TO MUSCLE OR TENDON  GRADE 1, 2 OR 3 DEPENDS ON SEVERITY COVER IN SPORTS MED II  SPRAIN  TEAR TO LIGAMENT  GRADE 1, 2 OR 3 DEPENDS ON SEVERITY COVER IN SPORTS MED II

 CAUSED BY SLIDING OR SKIDDING ON PAVEMENT, CONCRETE, DIRT, OR SAND  OUTER LAYER OF SKIN SCRAPED OFF  “STRAWBERRY”  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  WASH AREA WITH ANTI-BACTERIAL  FLUSH AREA WITH PEROXIDE WATCH PEROXIDE USE! ONLY USE TO GET DIRT OUT, NOT TO HEAL. WHY?  APPLY OINTMENT  COVER WOUND

 A JAGGED TEAR IN THE FLESH  CAUSED BY TEARING MOTION  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  CLEAN WITH SOAP AND WATER  APPLY STERILE COMPRESSION DRESSING  STITCHES NECESSARY WHEN EDGES OF LACERATION WILL NOT CLOSE OR WHEN THE WOUND IS DEEP

 RESULTS WHEN POINTED OBJECT DIRECTLY PIERCES SOFT TISSUE  MOST SUSCEPTABLE TO INFECTION – WHY?  MAY NEED TETANUS SHOT  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  STABILIZE OBJECT IN PLACE AND TAKE TO PHYSICIAN  IF NO OBJECT, CLEAN WITH SOAP AND WATER  COVER WITH STERILE GAUZE

 CLEAN, STRAIGHT, KNIFE-LIKE CUT  CLEAN CUTS, BUT CAN GO VERY DEEP INTO TISSUES  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  CLEAN WITH SOAP AND WATER  PULL EDGES OF WOUND TOGETHER WITH BUTTERFLY BANDAGES OR STERILE STRIPS  STITCHES MAY BE NEEDED

 FLAP OF TISSUE IS TORN LOOSE OR PULLED OFF COMPLETELY  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  CLEAN AREA  USE COMPRESSION WITH STERILE DRESSING  COVER AREA  LOCATE “FLAP” IF IT IS TORN AWAY COMEPLETELY PLACE IN SALINE MOISTENED GAUZE WRAP AND SEAL IN PLASTIC BAG PLACE BAG ON ICE SEND TO PHYSICIAN

 THICKENED, USUALLY PAINLESS, AREA OF SKIN CAUSED BY FRICTION OR PRESSURE  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  PUMICE STONE TO FILE OFF  STOP PROBLEM CAUSING FRICTION

 BUILD UP OF FLUID THAT COLLECTS UNDER THE SKIN IN RESPONSE TO FRICTION  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  CLEAN AREA  RUB WITH ALCOHOL WIPE AND AIR OUT  PLACE DONUT PAD AROUND BLISTER  DO NOT POP!  PROFESSIONAL MAY SLIT EDGE TO DRAIN, BUT ONLY IF BLISTER AFFECTS PERFORMANCE!

 OCCUR FROM  INSECTS  REPTILES  ANIMALS  HUMANS  CAN RESULT IN  PUNCTURE WOUNDS  LACERATIONS  AVULSIONS  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  CLEANSE THOROUGHLY  CONTROL BLEEDING  DO NOT SCRATCH – LENGTHENS HEALING AND CAUSES INFECTION  IF NOT MOSQUITO – SEND TO PHYSICIAN

 FUNGI  ITCHY, RED PATCH OF SKIN BORDERED BY A SCALY RED RING  CONTAGIOUS  TREATMENT  DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH  COVER AREA AND REFER TO PHYSICIAN  NO CONTACT UNTIL DRIED/GONE

 STAPH  BACTERIA  RANGE FROM A BOIL TO A FLESH EATING INFECTION  BEGINS AS A SMALL AREA OF TENDERNESS, SWELLING AND REDNESS; OPEN SORE; BLISTER LIKE (VARIIES)  HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS  MAY DEVELOP FEVER, CHILLS, SWEATS  MRSA – MORE SEVERE  TREATMENT:  IMMEDIATE REFERRAL FOR ANTIBIOTICS  DO NOT TOUCH OR SCRATCH AREA  KEEP COVERED  NO CONTACT UNTIL GONE

 ATHLETE’S FOOT  FUNGUS  GENERALLY OCCURS BETWEEN TOES AND BOTTOM OF FEET  CAUSED BY HEAT, MOISTURE, AND FAILURE TO CHANGE SOCKS  ALSO GET FROM SHOWER FLOORS  RED RASH WITH EXTREME ITCHINESS  TREATMENT  DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH  OVER-THE-COUNTER AVAILABLE  IF OTC DOES NOT WORK, REFER TO PHYSICIAN  NO DIRECT CONTACT UNTIL DRIED/GONE

 VIRAL INFECTION  AFFECTS FACE, TRUCK, AND GENITALIA  BLISTERS, INFLAMES SKIN, AND PAIN  SOMETIMES CRUSTY YELOW SCABS  SOMETIMES FEVER  CONTAGIOUS  DISQUALIFYING CONDITION IN SPORT  TREATMENT  DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH  COVER AREA AND REFER TO PHYSICIAN  NO CONTACT UNTIL GONE IF PROPERLY TREATED, 2 WEEKS OF TREATMENT

 RAISED, FLESH COLORED LESIONS WITH SMALL DARK SPOTS UNDERNEATH  MOST COMMON ON FEET  PLANTAR WARTS  CONTAGIOUS  TREATMENT  PROTECT WITH DONUT PAD  REFER TO PHYSICIAN  NO CONTACT UNTIL DRIED/GONE

 BACTERIAL INFECTION  CONTRATCED THROUGH CONTACT  REDNESS, ITCHING, SORENESS, AND YELLOW PUSTULES  DEVELOPS IN AREAS SUBJECT TO HIGH FRICTION  HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS  DISQUALIFYING CONDITION IN SPORT  TREATMENT  DO NOT SCRATCH OR TOUCH  COVER AREA AND REFER TO PHYSICIAN  NO CONTACT UNTIL GONE

 BLOOD-FILLED, SWOLLEN, CLOSED AREA  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  ICE  COMPRESSION  ELEVATION  SOME MAY NEED REFERRAL TO PHYSICIAN

 “BRUISE”  BLEEDING UNDER THE SKIN  IMMEDIATE TREATMENT  ICE  COMPRESSION  ELEVATION

 FIRST DEGREE  SUPERFICIAL LAYER OF SKIN  3-6 DAYS TO HEAL SOAK IN COOL WATER COVER TO PREVENT INFECTION NO OINTMENTS UNTIL BURNING SENSATION CONTROLLED! THEY SEAL IN HEAT  SECOND DEGREE  DEEPER BURN THAT AFFECTS LOWER LAYER OK SKIN  BLISTERING UP TO 3 WEEKS TO HEAL SOAK IN COOL WATER COVER TO PREVENT INFECTION NO OINTMENTS UNTIL BURNING SENSATION CONTROLLED! THEY SEAL IN HEAT  THIRD DEGREE  BURNS INTO DEEP TISSUES  WHITE OR BLACKENED, CHARRED SKIN  NUMB, BUT NOT AS PAINFUL. WHY? COVER TO PREVENT INFECTION IMMEDIATELY REFER TO PHYSICIAN