Women in Contemporary Society Theresa Branconier, Lauren Cullen, &Natalia Gonzalez Psych 310- Dr. Mills.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Lecture 2 The Science of Psychology
Advertisements

Schulte-Hostedde, A.I., Eys, M.A., & Johnson,K. (2008). Femalemate choice is influenced by male sport participation. Evolutionary Psychology, 6,
Predictors of How Often and When People Fall in Love Clara & Peter.
Short Term Sexual Strategies
An Analysis of Personality Type and Relationship Desirability Within Hook-up Culture: Nice-Guys vs. Bad-Boys An Analysis of Personality Type and Relationship.
AGE VARIATION IN MATING STRATEGIES AND MATE PREFERENCES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS Danielle Ryan and April Bleske-Rechek, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire.
Mate Poaching By: Jill Clark, Heather Thomas, Brian Manning.
Men in Contemporary America Why is Muscularity Sexy? Tests of the Fitness Indicator Hypothesis Maggie, Genie, Joe Frederick, D., Haselton, M. (2007). Why.
Male Long-Term Mating Strategies The Problems of Paternity.
CHAPTER 5 Men’s Long Term Mating Strategies. Why do Men Commit? Because women demand it…  Access to mates Increase in paternity certainty Increase in.
Sexual Selection Christina Saremi PSYC141.
The Dating Game: The Importance of Female Laughter as a Receptivity Signal ANTHONY R. GAROVE & SALLY D. FARLEY.
G ANGESTAD, S TEVEN W., S IMPSON, J EFFRY A., C OUSINS, A LITA J., G ARVER -A PGAR, C HRISTINE E., C HRISTENSEN, P. N IELS (2004). W OMEN ' S PREFERENCES.
Women’s Long Term Mating Strategies
Sex and sexual orientation differences in sexual attraction Brad Moser University of Lethbridge.
The Nature of Adolescents’ Non-romantic Sexual Relationships and Their Link With Well-being Catherine M. Grello Deborah P. Welsh University of Tennessee.
METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY Finding a Research Idea Lawrence R. Gordon.
UCLA Body Project I: Predictors of Body Satisfaction and Appearance Surveillance Among 2,206 White, Asian, and Hispanic Men and Women Johanna M. Jarcho.
Rape : It is not always this cute… Holly Herrick and Ryan Schmidt.
Elizabeth F. Broady Sarah J. Hickman Hanover College
Topics HRM: Leading teams
Genetic Factors Predisposing to Homosexuality May Increase Mating Success in Heterosexuals Written by Zietsch et. al By Michael Berman and Lindsay Tooley.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR W W W. P R E N H A L L. C O M / R O B B I N S.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR W W W. P R E N H A L L. C O M / R O B B I N S.
“THE PILL” AND ITS EFFECTS ON WOMEN’S JEALOUSY By: Nicole Ostlund, Mikayla Kemp, and Matt Meneses Cobey, K.D., Pollet, T.V., Roberts, C.S., & Buunk, A.P.
Women in Contemporary Culture Understanding the image of women in today’s society. Brittany, Haydee, Nikita, and Sarah.
Basic Reproduction From
Summary by Amber Kika, Nina Dangourian, and Esmeralda Huerta
Attraction and Flirtation in Young Adults’ and Middle-Aged Adults’ Opposite-Sex Friendships Erin E. Hirsch, Cierra A. Micke, and April Bleske-Rechek University.
Examine the Biological, Psychological and Social Origins of Attraction
Romantic Red: Red Enhances Men’s Attraction to Women Andrew J. Elliot and Daniela Niesta University of Rochester Elliot, A., & Niesta, D. (2008 November).
An Evolutionary Psychology Perspective on Sex Differences in Exercise Behaviors and Motivations Peter K. Jonason Summary and presentation by: Redd Davis,
By Lizzie Bell and Vanessa Bobadilla.  Approximately 11 million Americans suffer from eating disorders.  Viewing thin women in the media negatively.
Biosocial Approach Gender Development. Gender Characteristics, whether biological or socially influenced, by which people define male and female WomenMen.
Gender differences in mate selection What are men and women attracted to? (Campos, Otta & Siqueira, 2002) explored how men and women responded to personal.
Friends as Rivals: Perceptions of Attractiveness Predict Mating Rivalry in Female Friendships Stephanie R. A. Maves, Sarah L. Hubert, and April Bleske-Rechek.
Problem-Solving Abilities and Feelings of Control: A Work in Progress Emily M. Kaiser, Department of Communication Studies, College of Arts and Sciences.
By: Deanna Duermit, Mikayla Mowzoon, Jenna Tioseco
1 Psychology 305A: Personality Psychology September 30 Lecture 7.
Examination of Public Perceptions of Four Types of Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Programs Brandon Kopp Raymond Miltenberger.
Variation in Human Mate Choice: Simultaneously Investigating Heritability, Parental Influence, Sexual Imprinting, and Assortative Mating By: Phillip Skaliy.
Perceptions of Distance Learning: A Comparison of On-line and Traditional Learning Maureen Hannay Troy University Tracy Newvine Troy University.
Introduction Disordered eating continues to be a significant health concern for college women. Recent research shows it is on the rise among men. Media.
Sex differences in romantic kissing among college students: An evolutionary perspective Summary by Amber Kika, Nina Dangourian, and Esmeralda Huerta For.
Eating Disorders viewed from an Evolutionary Perspective Regarding Mate Choice Celia DiMicoli.
A.C. Little, D.M. Burt, I.S. Penton-Voak and D.I. Perrett (2001). Self-perceived attractiveness influences human female preferences for sexual dimorphism.
By: Jennifer Busico, Renee Egizi, Laura Jimenez Buss, D. M. (2008). Attractive Women Want It All: Good Genes, Economic Investment, Parenting Proclivities,
1 Psychology 320: Psychology of Gender and Sex Differences October 15 Lecture 11.
Sex Differences in Mate Selection Preferences Summary by: Kathryn Hogan, Roxanne Majich, Alyssa Reichental Furnham, A. (2009). Sex differences in mate.
Human Sexuality Module 39 The scientific study of sexual motivation is multidimensional - biological, psychological, social, & cultural factors must all.
Variation within species Variation is passed on through inheritance More offspring are produced than survive Selection pressures, selects those with.
Sex vs. Reproduction Reproduction is essential –Brain is genetically hardwired to motivate us to reproduce Reproduce via sex Sex is pleasurable – motivated.
Women Control Male Romantic Partners to Pursue Extra Pair Partners INTRODUCTION MATE GUARDING AND MATE RETENTION Mate guarding controls with whom the female.
Biological, Cognitive and Sociocultural Explanations to the origins of attraction The Origins of Attraction.
Method (Cont’d) Introduction Effects of Alcohol on Sexual Decision Making Alcohol intoxication makes risky decisions and behaviors appear less risky to.
Ovulatory Shifts in Women’s Mating Psychology: New Methods, Evidence and Best Practices Ekaterina Netchaeva, PhD Adar Eisenbruch, MA Eli Finkel, PhD James.
Testosterone Levels in Women and Men Who are Single, in Long-Distance Relationships, or Same-City Relationships Sari M. van Anders and Neil V. Watson Department.
The Relationship Between Instagram Photo Editing and Undergraduate College Women’s Body Dissatisfaction Madeline Wick, Cindy Miller-Perrin, & Jennifer.
Christian Hahn, M.Sc. & Lorne Campbell, PhD
Are masculine males attractive
My, But We are Impressive
Sociosexuality and Perceptions of Partner Over Time
Beyond Sexual Stereotypes (Focus on Female Short-term Mating)
Good Genes   Three key bits of conceptual background.
Sexual Dimorphism Male Male Female Female Male Female
The Sexual imprinting of facial hair preference on female mate selection By, Sierra koskela.
Parental Investment and Sex Differences in Sexual Behavior
Presentation transcript:

Women in Contemporary Society Theresa Branconier, Lauren Cullen, &Natalia Gonzalez Psych 310- Dr. Mills

Changes in Women's Choice of Dress Across the Ovulatory Cycle: Naturalistic and Laboratory Task- Based Evidence By Kristina M. Durante, Norman P. Li and Martie G. Haselton

Women’s Choice of Dress across the Ovulatory Cycle Women prefer clothing that is more revealing and sexy when fertility is highest within the ovulatory cycle Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Why do Women’s Preferences for Clothing Change across the cycle? Women simply feel more attractive near ovulation OR Women dress up more near ovulation as a result of an increase in intrasexual competitiveness, to enhance their ability to compete with other women. Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Ovulation & Women’s Social Motivation It was once believed that human ovulation is completely concealed, possibly even from women themselves. Under the evolutionary theory, women are believed to shift their social motives & behaviors in adaptive way. Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Previous Research Showing Shifts in Social Motives & Behaviors Experience greater sexual desire & more frequent sexual fantasies during the fertile window of the cycle Increased perception of attractiveness & feelings of sexiness Greater motivations to attend social gatherings Greater distances traveled by foot Fewer calories consumed Increase in desire for immediate rewards Derogate the competition when reproductive stakes are higher Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Cues of Ovulation People can detect ovulatory shifts in women’s social behaviors directed towards others. Men have evolved to detect by-products of cycling hormones, including changes in body scent. Women may be altering their appearance across the cycle so that they appear more physically attractive when fertility is highest. Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Method: Participants 88 undergraduate females at the University of Texas, Austin Between 17 & 30 years of age with a mean age of years All normally ovulating Compensated with course credit or $30 Tested for fertility and all were considered to be fertile at the time of high-fertility testing Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Method: Procedure Telephone prescreening was done to determine if participants fit within the following criteria: No current or recent use of hormonal contraceptives No irregular cycle length No recent birth of a child and/or currently breastfeeding No dramatic weight change No use of antidepressants No regular cigarette smoking 2 experimental sessions: High-Fertility & Low-Fertility Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Method: Procedure (cont.) Luteinizing hormone (LH) testing done to determine High & Low fertility groups Full-body photo taken Biographical Measures taken Questionnaires completed Romantic Relationship Survey Questions regarding sexual histories, current romantic relationships, & relationship histories Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (Simpson &Gangestad, 1991) Measures an individual's willingness to have sex without commitment Desirability Scale Assesses participant self- perceived attractiveness Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Method: Procedure (cont.) Outfit Illustration Task Design an outfit for your friend’s party tonight, at which a lot of single and attractive people will be Use colored pencils to draw the outfit onto a paper doll indicating where the shirt, pants, shorts, skirt, etc. will begin and end Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Results: Fertility & Clothing Choice Women closest to ovulation in their high-fertility session showed a greater increase in the amount of skin revealed at high fertility compared to low fertility Women who completed high- fertility testing on other days showed little difference in total skin revealed from high-fertility to low- fertility testing Revealingness rating of the clothing illustration differed significantly between high and low fertility, and it was strongly moderated by proximity to ovulation Women sketched outfits that were rated higher in revealingness at high fertility compared to low fertility Stronger difference for women closer to ovulation Illustrations were rated sexier at high fertility than at low fertility Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Results: Sexual Experience & Clothing Choice The effect of more skin being revealed during high fertility for women closest to ovulation in their high-fertility session was true only for sexually experienced women Sexually inexperienced women closest to ovulation showed no change in the amount of skin revealed across sessions Sexual experience did not moderate the effect of fertility on the revealing or the sexy ratings of the outfit illustration As for the ratings of clothing worn to the lab, women who had not experience sexual intercourse received higher ratings at low fertility than at high fertility. The opposite was true for women who had experience sexual intercourse Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Results: Relationship Status & Clothing Choice Women closest to ovulation in their high-fertility session who were not in committed relationships revealed a great amount of skin on the illustration during high fertility than during low fertility Women closest to ovulation in their high-fertility session who were currently involved in romantic relationships showed no change in skin revealed across sessions As for the clothing worn to the lab, women who were in a relationship showed more skin and wore sexier outfits at low fertility than at high fertility, whereas the opposite was seen for single women Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Results: Attractiveness & Clothing Choice Women with lower self-perceived attractiveness wore outfits that were more revealing and sexy near ovulation compared to during low fertility Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Results: SOI & Clothing Choice Sexually unrestricted women displayed more skin and wore outfits that were rated as sexier and more revealing at high fertility than at low fertility in comparison to sexually restricted women Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Results: Relationship Satisfaction & Clothing Choice Women reporting high levels of satisfaction with their romantic partners revealed more skin in their illustrations and received higher revealing ratings at high fertility Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Discussion Hypothesis was supported – Women prefer more revealing clothing during the onset of ovulation, particularly in mating-relevant settings. Sexually experienced women showed the desire to wear more revealing clothes during high fertility and less of this desire during low fertility. However, sexually inexperienced women showed no significant difference here. Women who were taking low doses of testosterone wore more attractive clothing than the control group women. Single women in high fertility were more likely to prefer revealing clothing than women who had steady partners. The more satisfied partnered women were with their relationships, the more likely they were to prefer revealing clothing during high fertility. For women of lower perception of self-attractiveness, there was a more significant shift from unrevealing to revealing clothing during ovulation. Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Possible Explanations for Shift in Clothing Preference Hormone-mediated changes in motivation Women may pay more attention to their attire to attract extra pair mates Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Limitations and Future Directions Possible that premenstrual symptoms cause women to “dress down” rather than ovulation causing women to “dress up” Small effect size Further research is needed to examine the evolved function of motivations underlying cycle shifts in clothing choice. Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., &Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women's choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality And Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), doi: /

Discussion Questions What other variables should be introduced for future research on this topic? What are the advantages and disadvantages of women dressing in more revealing clothing during ovulation? What are possible conflicts that may arise from women wearing more revealing clothing during ovulation?

Video om/watch?v=NbvsItE zyRQ