Participles Gerunds Infinitives By: Zach Cherna

Infinitives!!! What is an Infinitive?? *The part of a sentence that uses “to+verb” *Example: I am going “to play” baseball. *Infinitives look like verbs, act like verbs, but they are not verbs. *”am going” is the verb in this sentence. “to play” is the infinitive.

“I wish to sleep on the bus.” “I hope to be successful when I am older.” “I aspire to emulate my father.”

There are 3 kinds of participles Present Past Perfect

Present Participles Looks like a verb, but acts as an adjective. Always ends in “ing”. Example: “A working student is a good thing”. “A working student” is the participle. “is” is the verb.

Past Participle Can be used to shorten or combine passive clauses that have the same subject. Always end in, “en”, “ed”, “d”, “t”, “n”, and “ne”. Example: asked, eaten, saved, dealt, seen, and gone. Example: The boy was given an apple. He stopped crying….. Given an apple, the boy stopped crying. “Given” is the participle.

Perfect Participle Can be used to shorten or combine clauses that have the same subject if… -One action is complete before the next action starts. -One action has been going on for a period of time when another action starts. Example: She bought a bike and cycled home… Having bought a bike, she cycled home. Example: He had been living there for such a long time that he didn’t want to move to another town… Having lived there for such a long time, he didn’t want to move to a another town.

Gerunds Look like a verb, but acts like a noun. Gerunds always end in “ing”. “Working after school is my number one priority”. - “Working” is the gerund, and “is” is the verb.

Assessment I want to go to the park today. Being humble is a commendable characteristic. Having been to the moon, I can assure you, it is awesome. A loving parent is crucial for a healthy childhood. David loves deli day. Recognized as a world icon, Michael Jackson was the king of pop.

1.) One day last summer, Francisco and his coach were swimming at Daytona Beach. 2.) Having eaten a large lunch, John did not want to eat dinner at five o clock. 3.) I want to ride my bicycle. 4.) With a broom, Mrs. Olsen was beating our alligator over the head in an attempt to retrieve her poodle. 5.) The crying baby drew a long breath and sucked in a spider crouching in the corner of the crib. 6.) I would like to go to college someday and earn a degree. 7.)Running marathons is my favorite activity. 8.) Saved by the bell, I did not have to read aloud to the class. 9.) A working computer is better than a broken computer. 10.) I am going to watch a movie later, would you like to come?