Chapter 15 Booklet By: Levi Collins

Section One Vocabulary Substance: A type if matter with a fixed composition Element: A substance in which all the atoms have the same identity Compound: A substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed amount Heterogeneous Mixture: A mixture in which two different materials are easily distinguished Homogeneous Mixture: Contains two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substancces blended equally throughout

Section One Vocabulary Solution: A homogeneous mixture where the particles are too small to settle and cannot be seen through a microscope Colloid: A type o mixture with particles that are big enough to settle out Tyndall Effect: The scattering of light by colloidal particles Suspension: A heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle

Section One Self-Check 1.(Q) How is a compound similar to a homogeneous mixture? How is it different? (A) They are the same because both take two or more different substances at a equally fixed amount. The differences are the substance that are mixed to create each.

Section One Self-Check 2.(Q) Distinguish between a substance and mixture. Give two examples of each. (A) A substance is a matter with a fixed composition. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances together. A example is a soft drink.

Section One Self-Check 3.(Q) Describe the differences between colloids and suspensions. (A) The difference in colloids and suspensions is that the particles in colloids are not heavy enough to settle and the particles in suspensions are heavy enough to settle.

Section One Self-Check 4.(Q) Why do the words “Shake well before using” indicate that the fruit juice is a suspension. (A) The particles in suspensions settle so the shaking breaks them loose so you get the full taste of the juice.

Section One Applying Skills 5.(Q) In terms of suspensions and colloids, compare and contrast a glass of milk and a glass of fresh-squeezed orange juice. (A) The milk is a colloid because the particles are not heavy enough to settle there for you do not have to shake it. But the juice is a suspension because the particles are heavy enough to settle so you have to shake it to get the full taste.

Section One Reading Check Ques. 542(Q) How are compounds and elements related? (A) Compounds and elements are related because a compound is two or more elements combined.

Section One Reading Check Ques. 454(Q) What kind of mixture is a solution? (A) A mixture is a homogeneous mixture, which is a mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen through a microscope and will never settle.

Section One Reading Check Ques. 455(Q) How can you distinguish a colloid and a solution? (A) A colloid is a mixture of particles that are heavy enough to settle. A solution is a mixture of particles that are too small to settle.

Section Two Vocabulary Physical Property: Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substances that make up the material Physical Change: A change in sized, shape, or state is a physical change Distillation: the process of separating substance in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor

Section Two Vocabulary Chemical Property: A characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change Chemical Change: The change of one substance to another Law of Conservation of Mass: The mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change equals the mass of all the substances that remain after the change.

Section Two Self-Check 1.(Q) Explain why evaporation of water is a physical change and not a chemical change. (A) As the water evaporates the amount of water decreases. And the amount of water is a physical feature.

Section Two Self-Check 2.(Q) List four physical properties you could use to describe a liquid. (A) I would use amount, color, and temperature.

Section Two Self-Check 3.(Q) Describe why flammability is a chemical property rather than a physical property. (A) Flammability comes from the chemicals that the substance contains.

Section Two Self-Check 4.(Q) Explain how the law of conservation of mass applies to chemical changes. (Q) Before the chemical change takes place the mass of the object looks larger than the mass of the object after the chemical change has taken place. This is not true, the mass is the same just not all in the same place.

Section Two Self-Check 5.(Q) How might you demonstrate this law of conservation of mass for melting ice and distillation of water? (A) As the ice melts or the water is distilled, you catch and contain all of the water that as melted and run off, or catch and contain all the extremities of the distilled water. Then measure the mass and it will show no change.

Section Two Reading Check 460(Q) Does the change in state mean that a new substance has formed? Explain. (A) No, because a change in state is a physical change and does not change what the actual substance contains.

Section Two Reading Check 462(Q) What is a chemical change? (A) A chemical change is the change of one substance to another substance.