Standard 2 The student will trace the ways that the economy and society of British North America developed.

A

Mercantilism The economic system of the colonial period It held that a country should try to get and keep as much bullion as possible. The colonies provided raw materials for British production The British would manufacture goods and send them back to the colonies and around the world This system allowed the British to accumulate vast wealth The Acts of Trade and Navigation Colonial ships could only trade with the British All imports into colonial America had to travel through British ports Certain goods could be exported to England ONLY

Mercantilism Positives: NE shipbuilding Tobacco monopoly English military protection Negatives: No manufacturing Farmers receive low prices High prices for manufactured goods This policy skewed the balance of trade in favor of the British

Salutary Neglect The British realized that the most salutary, or beneficial, policy was to neglect their colonies. The British government was very lax in enforcing the Navigation Acts This allowed the colonies to develop their own governments and economic policies. It gave the colonies their first sense of freedom.

Triangular Trade Triangular trade developed between England, Africa and the New World

As the American colonies grew and prospered, increased mercantilism became a main goal of the British government. To that end, they participated in establishing trans-Atlantic trade routes. What purpose did mercantilism have for the British? To lessen the tension between European nations, particularly with Spain. To cooperate with the French government in mutually beneficial trade with the American colonies. To increase the power of the British government through control of the Atlantic trade. To establish a system of fair economic policy to allow the colonies to become independent.

How did advocates of mercantilism feel about colonies? They opposed colonies as unjust and violations of natural rights They supported colonies for economic reasons. They opposed having a king rule over colonies. They felt strongly that colonies should be free to govern themselves.

All of the following descriptions provide examples of triangular trade EXCEPT The Dutch settling in Japan Africans being transported on ships to the Americas European merchants brining manufactured goods to trade for Africans. Tobacco and other products being transported to Europe

The fact that Great Britain and other European powers wanted colonies to help them export more than they imported was evidence of their belief in Capitalism Communism Mercantilism The Enlightenment

B

Middle Passage This was the passage from Africa to the Americas. It is often another name for the slave trade. It is estimated that an average of 10 to 40 percent of the Africans on a slave ship typically died in the crossing.

African Americans Largest population of immigrants 90% lived in southern colonies Africans made up 20% of colonial population

What was part of the 17th-century trans-Atlantic trade? The First Amendment The Stamp Act The Middle Passage The Sugar Act

Which of the following statements most accurately describes African Americans in the English colonies? All Africans who lived in the colonies were slaves. Black slaves actually outnumbered whites in certain colonies for a time. Although African Americans suffered racism and persecution everywhere, only in the southern colonies were they actually made slaves. Due to discrimination, only whites could purchase a slave’s freedom or own slaves as property.

The colonial business in which Europeans transported African slaves to America and sold them to white slave owners was called what? Mercantilism Triangular trade route Individualism The Atlantic slave trade

During the 1700’s, North America’s African American population grew immensely. Which of the following most likely contributed to this trend? The Emancipation Proclamation The Declaration of Independence The Middle Passage Great Britain’s conquest of New York

C

Benjamin Franklin He was a Renaissance Man. He was an author, inventor, and statesman. He is often considered one of the founding fathers of our country.

The ability of someone to advance from one status in society to another is known as what? Mercantilism Social mobility Indentured servitude Common sense

Benjamin Franklin’s ability to rise from the status of a poor candlemaker’s son to a respected member of the colonial upper calss and a man of great wealth is an example of Social mobility Natural rights The plantation system The Enlightenment

Who does the following list describe? Example of individualism Took advantage of colonial culture to exercise social mobility Great inventor, writer, and political genius Played a key role in gaining France’s support during the American Revolution Thomas Jefferson Marquis de Lafayette Benjamin Franklin John Adams

D

The Great Awakening As colonial America developed, much of the original religious fervor had died A movement swept across the colonies in the early 1700’s called the Great Awakening It was a revival of the religious ideals that had been the foundation of America It was led by “fire and brimstone” preachers like George Whitefield and Jonathon Edwards Church services became more emotional and pastors actually lost control of some of their parishes as individuals become more apt to study the bible in their homes Significantly, this was the first truly AMERICAN movement. It was not borrowed from Europe.

The Great Awakening refers to A belief in the importance of Great Britain to the colonies. A religious revival occurring during the 1730s and 1740s. A committee that supported the Enlightenment, especially John Locke A driving force in the formation of representative government.

Read the quote below and answer the following question. “God will not hold them (sinners) up in these slippery places any longer, but will let them go; and then, at that very instant, they shall fall in to destruction; as he that stands on such slippery declining ground, on the edge of a pit, he cannot stand alone, when he is let go he immediately falls and is lost.” The evangelist, Jonathan Edwards, preached this sermon during The American Revolution. The First Great Awakening. The French and Indian War. The Salem Witch Trials.

Unit 1 Book Questions Pg. 30: 1-9 Pg. 62: 1-10 Pg. 92: 1-9 Blog: www.pebblebrookhigh.typepad.com/mr_rathke