Neoclassicism Neoclassicism became the leading art movement in France during the French Revolution and subsequently as the style of choice during the rule of dictator Napoleon Bonaparte.Neoclassicism became the leading art movement in France during the French Revolution and subsequently as the style of choice during the rule of dictator Napoleon Bonaparte. Focused on the concepts of the French Revolution: “Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.”Focused on the concepts of the French Revolution: “Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.” Patriotic andd somewhat anti-religiousPatriotic andd somewhat anti-religious Inspired by ancient Greece & Rome and the Renaissance.Inspired by ancient Greece & Rome and the Renaissance. Rejects the excess and frivolity of Baroque and Rococo – Neoclassicism is a reaction to these.Rejects the excess and frivolity of Baroque and Rococo – Neoclassicism is a reaction to these. Also became popular in the United States as they were experiencing their own American Revolution based on similar principles.Also became popular in the United States as they were experiencing their own American Revolution based on similar principles.

Rococo Art in France: Mood: playful, energetic Mood: playful, energetic Style: light, graceful, delicate Style: light, graceful, delicate Colours: white, silver, gold, pinks, greens, blues Colours: white, silver, gold, pinks, greens, blues elegant, refined, rich, upper class elegant, refined, rich, upper class Baroque Art in France: Mood: emotional, pompous, ornate Mood: emotional, pompous, ornate Style: dark, fancy, inspired by nature Style: dark, fancy, inspired by nature religious, royalty, luxury, gold / silver religious, royalty, luxury, gold / silver PREVIOUS / CONTEMPORARY ART MOVEMENTS THAT FELL OUT OF FAVOUR…

Art used to convey Patriotism Art used to convey Patriotism Meant to be morally uplifting and inspirational Meant to be morally uplifting and inspirational Strict use / copying of classical (Greek & Roman) architectural features: columns, domes, arches Strict use / copying of classical (Greek & Roman) architectural features: columns, domes, arches Values: order, solemnity Tone: calm and rational Subject: Greek & Roman history, mythology Techniques: drawing with lines (not colour), no trace of brushstrokes Neoclassicism was a reaction to Baroque & Rococo…

25. Jacques-Louis David. Oath of the Horatii. ( ) worked for King Louis XVI, then French Revolution, then Napoleon worked for King Louis XVI, then French Revolution, then Napoleon studied classical art in Rome studied classical art in Rome known for no visible brushstrokes known for no visible brushstrokes political message of unity and patriotism political message of unity and patriotism

Other notable works by Jacques-Louis David… The Death of MaratThe First Consul crossed the Alps at the Col du Grand St. Bernard

Intervention of the Sabine Women

The Coronation of Napoleon and Josephine

26. Dominique Ingres. Napoleon I on His Imperial Throne. (1806) A student of J-L David’s A student of J-L David’s Known as a talented portraitist Known as a talented portraitist Used by Napoleon, along with David and other artists, to create artistic propaganda for his rule Used by Napoleon, along with David and other artists, to create artistic propaganda for his rule How are elements of ancient Greece and Rome used here to glorify and promote Napoleon’s authority? What is he trying to say? How are elements of ancient Greece and Rome used here to glorify and promote Napoleon’s authority? What is he trying to say?

Other notable works by Dominique Ingres… Princess de BrogliePortrait of Bier

Grande Odalisque

27. Antonio Canova. Paolina Borghese as Venus Victrix. ( ) Marble. portrait of Napoleon’s sister, when engaged to Camillo Borghese of Rome portrait of Napoleon’s sister, when engaged to Camillo Borghese of Rome Paolina is shown as Venus, Goddess of Love – ancient tradition of showing contemporary people as gods/goddesses Paolina is shown as Venus, Goddess of Love – ancient tradition of showing contemporary people as gods/goddesses may be idealized female form or a realistic portrait (unknown) may be idealized female form or a realistic portrait (unknown)

Other examples of NEOCLASSICAL SCULPTURE… Canova’s Cupid and Psyche Statue of Liberty

28. Thomas Jefferson. Monticello. ( ) American Revolution also happening at this time (similar to France) American Revolution also happening at this time (similar to France) Jefferson brought Neoclassical art / architecture of Paris back to the U.S. Jefferson brought Neoclassical art / architecture of Paris back to the U.S. architecture was returning back to balance and classical ideals – can you identify some of these features? architecture was returning back to balance and classical ideals – can you identify some of these features?

Other examples of NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE… Arc de Triomphe, Paris (left) Arc de Triomphe, Paris (left) Brandenburg Gate, Berlin (right) Brandenburg Gate, Berlin (right) Pantheon, Paris (left) Pantheon, Paris (left) The White House, Washington D.C. (right) The White House, Washington D.C. (right)