+ Do you remember Chapter 2?! Two elements of self concept? Difference between the two? What is attribution theory? Difference between sex and gender? Relationship between perception, self, and communication?

+ Communication, Culture, and Identity Chapter 3 Lecture/Recap

+ What is Culture? Shared, personal, and learned life experiences Values, norms, traditions Values = standards Norms = patterns of communication Traditions = customs Impacts worldview and interpersonal communication

+ Cultural Identity ‘…cultural background helps shape identity’ (p. 54) Everyone is a cultural being Made up of ethnicity, gender, age, life stage, beliefs, values, assumptions; intersection of these elements Learned from family, friends, and communities (e.g. guideposts) Varies in strength & content Will impact our views, behaviors, and practices Including communication Can you have multiple cultural identities?

+ Intercultural Communication Importance? Occurs when individuals from different countries communicate? The only case?

+ Dimensions of Culture Cultural variability theory Uncertainty avoidance Distribution of Power (high vs. low power distance) Masculine vs. Feminine Individualism vs. Collectivism Context orientation theory High context vs. low context

+ Culture is…. Learned Enculturation Acculturation Capable of creating communities Co-cultures Cultural clash Good or Bad? Multi-leveled Mini-cultures EXAMPLE: Never Been Kissed (film)

+ In-Class Activity: Researching a Co-Culture Research the Millennial Generation (Hint: Many of you are part of this generation) Based on what you found, what are some possible aspects of this group’s culture?

+ Conversing with a Different Generation…..

+ Diversity – Roles and Challenges

+ Diversity in U.S. “diversity can be challenging” (p. 57) Why? Diversity increasing Group chat: How do events/situations impact diversity, culture, and interpersonal communication? The Women’s Rights Movement Legalization (or banning) of Gay Marriage September 11, 2001 Election of President Barack Obama Others?

+ Six Reasons for Studying Intercultural Communication Technological imperative Demographic imperative Melting pot vs. salad bowl Economic imperative Global village, outsourcing, globalization Peace imperative Self-awareness imperative Ethical imperative

+ Challenges and Solutions

+ Challenges Ethnocentrism Stereotyping Activity: Shining light on hurtful, overgeneralizations Personal examples that bother you? Impact on interpersonal communication? Identify a stereotype Why does it bother you? Who does it hurt? Give an example of how it could impact interpersonal communication? Share with partner/group Respond to partner’s stereotypes. Do you agree with comments? Why or why not?

+ Challenges (continued) Anxiety and Uncertainty (In-groups vs. out-groups) Misinterpretation of Nonverbal and Verbal Behaviors Assuming similarities and/or differences Good or Bad? Why?

+ Improving Intercultural Understanding Acknowledging and eliminating biases, stereotypes, and prejudices Takes effort; some unknown Examples: “no homo” “acting black/white” “Muslim=terrorist” Others? GROUP CHAT--CONSIDER… Why do people use the statement? What does it mean? Who could it hurt?

+ Improving Intercultural Understanding Be tolerant of the unknown Educate yourself Cultural respect Avoid cultural imperialism; practice cultural empathy Be prepared Recognize the individual; not just their cultures

+ Group Activity Watch episode that discusses culture be_gdata_player be_gdata_player Look out for examples of stereotypes, assumptions, and cultural clash (among other elements discussed during the lecture) Be prepared to answer following questions? Who was wrong in this situation? Who was right? What is the reasoning behind your answer? How did culture impact the interpersonal encounters? Was there a healthy resolution to culture clash? What were some issues dealing with culture? (e.g. was a statement problematic and culturally insensitive? Was there unfair judgment based on a person’s culture? Were there double standards?) How did your cultural identity impact your reactions to this episode and situation?

+ Application Exercise #2 (Worth 30 points) Converse with someone from a different generation about one of the following topics: Social networking Reality television Politics September 11 th Terrorist Attack Hip-Hop Music Feminism How did the conversation go? Do you think culture played a role? Why or why not? Note other cultural differences that may have played a role Go back to chapter 2—how did the conversation shape your perceptions? Explain. Go back to chapter 1—explain if your encounter was interpersonal or impersonal, and why. Address questions in a 1-2 page write-up.