+ Do you remember Chapter 2?! Two elements of self concept? Difference between the two? What is attribution theory? Difference between sex and gender? Relationship between perception, self, and communication?

+ Communication, Culture, and Identity Chapter 3 Lecture/Recap

+ What is Culture? Shared, personal, and learned life experiences Values, norms, traditions Values = standards Norms = patterns of communication Traditions = customs Impacts worldview and interpersonal communication

+ Cultural Identity ‘…cultural background helps shape identity’ (p. 54) Everyone is a cultural being Made up of ethnicity, gender, age, life stage, beliefs, values, assumptions; intersection of these elements Learned from family, friends, and communities (e.g. guideposts) Varies in strength & content Will impact our views, behaviors, and practices Including communication Can you have multiple cultural identities?

+ Intercultural Communication Importance? Occurs when individuals from different countries communicate? The only case?

+ Dimensions of Culture Cultural variability theory Uncertainty avoidance Distribution of Power (high vs. low power distance) Masculine vs. Feminine Individualism vs. Collectivism Context orientation theory High context vs. low context

+ Culture is…. Learned Enculturation Acculturation Capable of creating communities Co-cultures Cultural clash Good or Bad? Multi-leveled Mini-cultures EXAMPLE: Never Been Kissed (film)

+ In-Class Activity: Researching a Co-Culture Research the Millennial Generation (Hint: Many of you are part of this generation) Based on what you found, what are some possible aspects of this group’s culture?

+ Diversity – Roles and Challenges

+ Diversity in U.S. “diversity can be challenging” (p. 57) Why? Diversity increasing How do events/situations impact diversity, culture, and interpersonal communication? The Women’s Rights Movement Legalization (or banning) of Gay Marriage September 11, 2001 Election of President Barack Obama Others?

+ Six Reasons for Studying Intercultural Communication Technological imperative Demographic imperative Melting pot vs. salad bowl Economic imperative Global village, outsourcing, globalization Peace imperative Self-awareness imperative Ethical imperative

+ Challenges and Solutions

+ Challenges Ethnocentrism Stereotyping Activity: Shining light on hurtful, overgeneralizations Personal examples that bother you? Impact on interpersonal communication? Identify a stereotype Why does it bother you? Who does it hurt? Give an example of how it could impact interpersonal communication? Share with partner/group Respond to partner’s stereotypes. Do you agree with comments? Why or why not?

+ Challenges (continued) Anxiety and Uncertainty (In-groups vs. out-groups) Misinterpretation of Nonverbal and Verbal Behaviors Assuming similarities and/or differences Good or Bad? Why?

+ Improving Intercultural Understanding Acknowledging and eliminating biases, stereotypes, and prejudices Takes effort; some unknown Examples: “no homo” “acting black/white” “Muslim=terrorist” Others? CONSIDER… Why do people use the statement? What does it mean? Who could it hurt?

+ Improving Intercultural Understanding Be tolerant of the unknown Educate yourself Cultural respect Avoid cultural imperialism; practice cultural empathy Be prepared Recognize the individual; not just their cultures

+ Example: Media Clip (Diversity Day) Group Chat Look for examples of ethnocentrism, stereotyping, anxiety/uncertainty, misinterpretations, assumptions List suggestions for improvement (reflect on those discussed in the chapter)

+ Conversing with a Different Generation…..

+ Application Exercise #2 (Worth 30 points) Converse with someone from a different generation about one of the following topics: Social networking Reality television Politics September 11 th Terrorist Attack Hip-Hop Music Feminism How did the conversation go? Do you think culture played a role? Why or why not? Note other cultural differences that may have played a role Go back to chapter 2—how did the conversation shape your perceptions? Explain. Go back to chapter 1—explain if your encounter was interpersonal or impersonal, and why. Address questions in a 1-2 page write-up.