Chapter 14 repeat. Hydrolysis of fat (saponification)

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 14 repeat

Hydrolysis of fat (saponification)

Micelle formation (soap action)

Detergents

Condensation polymers PETE PEN

Condensation Polymers Polyesters are condensation polymers They are formed by eliminating a small molecule (e.g., H 2 O) when combining: – Diacid – Diol Each of the combining molecules has two reactive functional groups, highlighted in red 14.2 Esters

Polethylene terphthalate, PETE Terphthalic acid1,2-ethanediol Continued condensation at each end Repeating unit of the polymer PETE is used in: Mylar Plastic bottles Polyester fabric

PEN

Polymers

14.4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters and Thioesters Phosphoric acid reacts with alcohols to produce a phosphate ester or phosphoester The ester can then react with a second or third acid to give phosphoric acid anhydrides ADP and ATP of biochemistry fame are important examples of phosphate esters 15

Phosphoric Acid Esters Ester bondAnhydride bonds 14.4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters and Thioesters

Phosphate esters

Thioesters In biochemistry, acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA-SH) reacts with acyl groups to “activate” them for further biological reaction by forming a thioester 14.4 Nature’s High Energy Compounds: Phosphoesters and Thioesters

Pheromones

Pain killers

Painkillers and pheromones

Structures of Four Prostaglandins 17.2 Fatty Acids

Prostaglandin synthesis

Prostaglandins

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