Explain the Tweed Ring? Discuss the corruption that occurred under the Grant Administration? The impacts? Evaluate the success of the reform movements.

 Discuss a political scandal that you are aware of…

 What were the settlement houses?  What was the Chinese Exclusion Act?  How did Rockefeller and Carnegie eliminate competition?  What is expansionism?

 Read and outline p  Questions ◦ Why were the late 1800s called the Gilded Age? ◦ What was the Sherman Antitrust Act? Was it successful? ◦ How did the nativists respond to the new immigration of the late 1800s? ◦ What are the Civil War Amendments and what did each do?

 What was the spoils system under Andrew Jackson?

 Gilded Age =corruption under a polite and prosperous luster (name of a book and label) – Mark Twain

 1.) Tammany Hall – Democratic Political Machine  2.) Boss Tweed robbed the NYC treasury of $200 Million

 a. Gold Scandal – 1869  *Jay Gould and Grant’s bro-in-law drove up gold prices 

 b. Credit Mobilier Scandal  *transcontinental RR scandal

 A call for REFORM!  What did critics blame for these scandals?

 a. Election of 1876  Tilden (D) vs. Hayes (R)  b. Hayes Reforms Split the Party  1.) stalwarts – opposed reforms  2.) half-breeds – supported reforms

c. Election of 1880  1.) Garfield (half-breed)/Arthur v. General Winfield Scott Hancock  2.) Garfield assassinated by a Stalwart – Arthur takes over

 d. Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883)  1.) est. Civil Service Commission to administer tests for gov. jobs  2.) only covered about 10% of jobs  e. Election of 1884 – Cleveland (D)-won w/the Stalwarts’ support

 a. Cleveland doubled the # of jobs with exams  b. Election of 1888 – Harrison (Rep.) wins and re-establishes the spoils system

 Read and outline p  Questions ◦ Why were the late 1800s called the Gilded Age? ◦ What was the Sherman Antitrust Act? Was it successful? ◦ How did the nativists respond to the new immigration of the late 1800s? ◦ What are the Civil War Amendments and what did each do?