Nixon to Carter. Nixon, Ford, & Carter Took office in 69 & determined conservative New Federalism: give back some of the power & responsibilities to states.

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Essential Question: In what ways did President Nixon represent a change towards conservative politics & how did his foreign policy alter the U.S. relationship.

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Presentation transcript:

Nixon to Carter

Nixon, Ford, & Carter Took office in 69 & determined conservative New Federalism: give back some of the power & responsibilities to states & localities (downsize federal gov’t) Had to negotiate w/ democrat controlled Congress Increased spending for Social Security, Medicare, food stamps

Nixon impounded funds for some programs (later unconstitutional) Late 60s & early 70s US faced stagflation: high inflation & unemployment Caused by deficit spending (war & new programs), increased international competition, new workers (baby boomers), dependence on foreign oil

Nixon focused more on foreign affairs (Vietnam, China, USSR) Change from containment to realpolitik (more flexible approach to communism) Détente: easing of Cold War tensions

Nixon recognized China & visited (wanted to take advantage of rift between USSR & China) visited Moscow & signed SALT I (limit # of missiles) End of Vietnam, détente, USSR & Chinese relations helped him win election of 72 Watergate scandal led to his downfall, resigned before impeachment began (74), Ford sworn in

Ford pardoned Nixon Sep 1974 (bad PR move) Inflation, unemployment, energy prices (OPEC) rise Ford called on a citizen led program: WIN but failed Cut spending, raised interest rates (worst recession in 40 yrs)

Battled democratic controlled Congress, vetoed 50 bills in 2 yrs Continued Nixon’s foreign policy w/ Kissinger’s help Helsinki Accords: cooperation between nations Cease fire ended in Vietnam (Saigon falls), problems in Cambodia

Carter narrowly won election over Ford Used fireside chats & honest, down to earth style #1 problem: OPEC energy crisis, 100 proposals to Congress passed National Energy Act: tax on gas-guzzling cars, removed price controls on oil & natural gas, tax credit for alternative energy

OPEC passed another price hike & inflation soared Economy changing from manufacture to service Booming economies of W. Germany & Asian tigers cut into US markets

Carter promoted human rights over realpolitik, cut nations off for human rights abuses Gave up control of Panama Canal to improve relations in Latin America Détente ended when USSR invaded Afghanistan

Helped to create Camp David Accords: peace between Egypt & Israel Iranian students seized US embassy in Theran & took 52 hostages, finally released in 1981 after Reagan was sworn in (444 days)

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