Prof. OGUNLADE DAVIDSON Director UNFCCC Workshop on Technology Transfer, 9-10 April, 2003 Energy & Development Research Centre University of Cape Town Enabling Environment for Development and Transfer of Technologies

Motivations lDevelopment goals, environmental goals, competitive advantage lProfits, Market share, return on investments lDevelopment and environmental goals lKnowledge transfer lInformation, education lWelfare, Utility Perspectives of Technology Transfer Stakeholder lGovernments (national,regional, local) lPrivate Sector (TNCs, MNCs, MSEs, ) lDonors (MDBs, GEF, Bilateral) lR&D, D Institutions lMedia/Public lConsumers

Meaning of Technology Transfer lBroad set of processes, covering flow of knowledge, experience, equipment amongst stakeholders lIncludes technology diffusion and technology co- operation lBetween developed and developing countries as well as within/amongst each of the group of countries lIncludes learning to understand, choose, utilise, modify and replicate technology lIt includes both “hard” and “soft” technologies – technical, managerial and business skills lTechnology transfer includes values, attitudes and relationships

Different Development and Climate Change Response

Experiences and Lessons – Technology Transfer lLack of well defined national plan lDifficulties in developing national needs assessment lInadequate information for technology selection lNeed to have extra effort to locate indigenous skills lImproper understanding of technology transfer mechanisms lLack of installation and testing skills lLack of adequate standards lInadequate R&D and D facilities lLack of supporting commercial environment

Different Levels of Capacities lEnabling environment lSocietal level lOrganisation Level lIndividual Level

LEVELS OF CAPACITY BUILDING/DEVELOPMENT

National Systems of Innovation lIntegration of capacity building, access to information and creating enabling environment lstimulate partnerships between all relevant private and public stakeholders, both domestically as well as internationally lprovide focus for activities of GEF, MDB’s and other international organisations linclude wide variety of activities, such as training, strengthening educational institutions, assessment of information, identification of solutions for removing barriers, innovative financing mechanisms

Actions by Developed Countries lSupport the development agenda of developing countries and EITs lContribute and enhance the use of local capacities of developing countries and EITs lDevelop systems that are flexible to cope with conditions in developing countries lPromote shared responsibilities with users lSupport systems of consultation lSupport long-term commitments

Actions by Developing Countries lSet up a development agenda lIdentify indigenous capacities lCoordination of external resources lDevelop a system of consultation lDevelop of monitoring and evaluation

Training of Human Resource lInvestments in well-structured programs that maximise resource use to achieve agreed minimum threshold of required manpower lParticipation in global, regional and national programs that are geared to concerns and interest of client lPromotion of targeted “learning by doing” or “experimental learning” programs while improving attitudes and values lDevelopment of partnership programs with external institutions in three stages: lExternal and nation/regional centres jointly design, adapt, deliver and evaluate lExternal centre undertake supervisory and monitoring activities lExternal centre undertake quality control and updating

Institutional Development lDevelopment of mechanism that reflects culture of technology professionalism that maximise trained manpower lDevelopment of long-term institutional linkages and partnerships with regional and global institutions with commitment to endogenous capacity building and performance bench-marking lSetting up internal evaluation programs with rapid feedback to individuals and teams for performance improvement lDevelopment of pilot projects

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