Get your bacteria graphic organizer out and number it journal #6 Protist Notes Get your bacteria graphic organizer out and number it journal #6

Protist Kingdom What is a Protist? Member of the protist kingdom, eukaryotes.

3 Types of Protists 1. Animal like protists A. Called protozoans B. unicellular heterotrophs C. Grouped by how they move 1. Flagella 2. Cilia 3. psuedopods 4. No movement at all

2. Plant like Protists A. called:Algae B. Description: unicellular and multicellular autotrophs C. no roots, stems, or leaves D. a key characteristic used to classify algae are the photosynthetic pigments they contain

3. Fungus like Protists A. decomposers B. Unlike true fungi, fungus like protists lack true cell walls

2. Amoeba A.Move with psuedopods: false feet 1. Cell shape changes constantly B. Engulf food with psuedopods forming food vacuoles C. Live in water and moist soil D. Contractile vacuole pumps out excess water E. Reproduce asexually by splitting: binary fission

Figure 20-4 An Amoeba Psuedopods Endoplasm Food vacuole Ectoplasm Section 20-2 Contractile vacuole Psuedopods Nucleus Endoplasm Food vacuole Ectoplasm Go to Section:

Animal like Protists-Protozoans 1. Euglena A. Also known as the flagellates B. Have one or more flagella which move back & forth C. Absorb food through their cell membranes D. live in moist environments

E. Can be free living:. flagellate which lives in. the gut of termites E. Can be free living: flagellate which lives in the gut of termites helping them to break down wood F. Can reproduce asexually by binary fission or sexually by gametes

Euglena Section 20-3 Go to Section: Chloroplast Gullet Pellicle Contractile vacuole Flagella Eyespot Nucleus Go to Section:

3. Ciliates A. move by beating cilia B. Live in aquatic environments C. Are free living-not parasites D. Reproduce by: 1. binary fission 2. Conjugation-not actually reproduction, pieces of genetic info are exchanged so more diversity when binary fission happens

E. complex nuclei. 2 nuclei. 1. Macronucleus-everyday. operations. 2 E. complex nuclei 2 nuclei 1. Macronucleus-everyday operations 2. Micronucleus-reproduction F. Contractile vacuole:pumps out excess water G. Oral groove:like a mouth H. Gullet: encloses food like a stomach, makes up a food vacuole I. Anal pore:wastes are removed J. Example: Paramecium

Figure 20-5 A Ciliate Section 20-2 Go to Section: Trichocysts Anal pore Gullet Oral groove Trichocysts Lysosomes Food vacuoles Contractile vacuole Micronucleus Macronucleus Cilia Go to Section:

What do all 3 of these organisms have in common that enable them to control their day to day functions? NUCLEUS

Sporozoans Cannot move spores are their reproductive cells Have complex life cycles including hosts Ex: Plasmodium- carries malaria 1. Reproduce in mosquito's 2. Spores are injected while feeding

3. spores are released into the blood

Figure 20-7 The Life Cycle of Plasmodium Section 20-2 Plasmodium undergoes several stages of development in mosquito’s body Mosquito bites human, injecting saliva that contains Plasmodium sporozoites Plasmodium sporozoites Sporozoites infect liver cells Anopheles mosquito bites infected human and picks up Plasmodium cells Liver Infected liver cells burst, releasing Plasmodium cells that infect red blood cells Infected red blood cells burst, releasing Plasmodium cells; some can infect other red blood cells, and others can infect mosquitoes Plasmodium cells Red blood cells Go to Section:

Quiz #3 Protists

1. Some unicellular organisms are motile (have the ability to move) and some are nonmotile. Which cellular structures are associated with movement? A.Ribosomes B. Flagella C. Chloroplasts D.Vacuoles 2. These organelles pump out excess water. A. lysosomes C. gullet B. pellicle D. contractile vacuole 3. Which organism contains a nucleus? A. amoeba C. euglena E. only A & C B. paramecium D. all

4. Amoebas reproduce by:. A. conjugation. C. sexual reproduction. B 4. Amoebas reproduce by: A. conjugation C. sexual reproduction B. binary fission D. expansion 5. The one-celled eukaryotic organisms shown to the right are often found in freshwater ponds. What is one characteristic they all have in common? A.      Flagellum B.       Nucleus C.      Cilia D.      Pseudopodia

Quiz #2 Protists Cont.

True/false: Euglena move with cilia. The gullet, anal pore, and oral groove make up the paramecium’s: A. reproductive system C. digestive system B. nervous system D. circulatory system Which organism contains 2 nuclei? A. amoeba C. euglena B. paramecium D. sporozoan Which groups of protozoans are considered parasitic? A. Sarcodines C. Sporozoans B. Ciliates D. Algae Which encloses food like a stomach? A. oral groove B. gullet C. lysosome D. vacuole

1. Describe the steps necessary to make a microscope slide. Journal #5 1. Describe the steps necessary to make a microscope slide.