Combatting Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Dr Charles Penn Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases Health Security and Environment.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
World Health Day 2011.
Advertisements

Global Health Security Agenda Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control A threat anywhere is a threat everywhere.
European Antibiotic Awareness Day 2013, 18 November 2013 European Antibiotic Awareness Day 2013 * Joining efforts to avoid a post-antibiotic era [Name.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospitals: Lack of Effective Treatment for Gram Negative Bacilli and the Rise of Resistant Clostridium difficile Infections.
The Global Burden of Hepatitis C Dr Daniel Lavanchy World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva, Switzerland 3 rd Paris Hepatitis Conference.
Pneumonia Sapna Bamrah, MD CDC
Almost 14 years ago all countries endorsed a set of 8 Millennium Development Goals (or MDGs). 3 of those 8 Goals focus on health – that being child mortality,
Antimicrobial resistance “One health fits all”
Antibiotic Policy in Ghana; the way forward
Technical Advisory Group meeting, WHO/WPRO
Hepatitis and Liver Cancer A National Strategy for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis B and C.
| Antimicrobial Resistance Global Report on Surveillance 2014 Global Action Plan to combat antimicrobial resistance.
The Work of WHO in the South-East Asia Region The Work of WHO in the South-East Asia Region Biennial Report of the Regional Director 1 January
1 Global and Regional Tuberculosis (TB) update ACSM workshop, Amman, Jordan April 13-17, 2008 Dr. Sevil Huseynova.
Emerging infections and Health Protection In Scotland Looking to the future Kirsty Roy and Martin Donaghy Health Protection Scotland Scottish Government.
Prevention and improved treatment of communicable diseases (HIV/AIDS and TB), including increasing preparedness for bioterrorism and epidemics Anneli Taal,
Emerging Diseases – Ready and Waiting Aileen J Plant Curtin University of Technology 19 October, 2004 Emerging Diseases: the human health perspective.
Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis Infection: WHO Framework for Global Action Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis Infection: WHO Framework.
Ministerial level Agency, chaired by the Prime Minister with 22 Ministers are members: Mission: To lead the Disaster Management in the Kingdom of Cambodia.
PAHO Pan American Health Organization Pan American Sanitary Bureau Regional Office for the Americas for the World Health Organization.
World Health Day 2011: Antimicrobial Resistance 1 |1 | Prevention and Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance USE ANTIBIOTICS RATIONALLY.
The Research and Development Goals of the Global Plan to Stop TB Marcos Espinal Executive Secretary.
Epidemiology of tuberculosis. Peymane Adab, Richard Fielding, Susana Castan.
Ecdc.europa.eu Tommi Asikainen, Tubingen, 22 October 2008 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control FUTURE DISEASE CHALLENGES IN EUROPE – where.
African Business Leaders on Health: GBC Conference on TB, HIV-TB Co-infection & Global Fund Partnership Johannesburg, October 11, 2010 The state of Global.
EPIDEMIOLOGY DENGUE, MALARIA Priority Areas for Planning Dengue Emergency Response 1. Establish a multisectoral dengue action committee.
1 PRIORITY MEDICINES FOR EUROPE AND THE WORLD: a public health approach to innovation Hans V. Hogerzeil Director, Medicines Policy and Standards WHO, Geneva.
State and Local STD Prevention Programs Prepared by Jim Lee, Senior Public Health Advisor, Texas Department of State Health Services and Melinda Salmon,
100 years of living science Page 1 BSc in Global Health Paolo Vineis Helen Ward Peter Piot.
Strategy and Policy Cohesion: “The One Health Agenda: will it deliver” Elizabeth J. Phillips, MD, FRCPC,FRACP, FACTM Professor & Director, Centre for Clinical.
Health Organization The Challenges Facing Tuberculosis Control Blantyre Hospital, Malawi: TB Division, 3 patients per bed.
Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases Samantha Rosenthal, MPH, PhD Candidate.
The role of the English Surveillance Programme on Antimicrobial Use & Resistance in improving stewardship Susan Hopkins Consultant Infectious Diseases.
TB Management: A Medical Aid Perspective presented by Dr Noluthando Nematswerani.
1 Combating Drug Resistance Syed Khalid Saeed Bukhari.
Antimicrobial resistance
WHO Medicines Strategy Progress: Priorities: Dr Guitelle Baghdadi Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy World Health Organization November.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Perspectives on containing antimicrobial resistance – ways to go … Karl Ekdahl, Strategic Advisor on behalf of Zsuzsanna Jakab, Director European Centre.
GENOMICS TO COMBAT RESISTANCE AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS IN COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED LRTI IN EUROPE (GRACE) H. Goossens (Coordinator), K. Loens (Manager), M. Ieven.
3rd WHO Prequalification Stakeholders Meeting :Diagnostics 3rd Stakeholders Meeting on Prequalification Geneva, 4th February 2008 Update on Prequalification.
Ministerial Declaration and Concluding Remarks MD PhD Karin Tegmark Wisell Chair AMR expert group, NDPHS.
Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in Guyana: Plan to Integrate into Existing Programmes Scotland, S 1 ; Singh, S 1 ; Hernandez, R 2 ; Springer,
Communicable Diseases Alan J. Parkinson, Deputy Director Arctic Investigations Program, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, USA.
2007 Pan American Health Organization 2004 Pan American Health Organization Malaria in the Americas: Progress, Challenges, Strategies and Main Activities.
WHO Estonia country office Marge Reinap Head of WHO Country Office in Estonia.
TB AND HIV: “THE STRATEGIC VISION FOR THE COUNTRY” Dr Lindiwe Mvusi 18 May 2012 MMPA Congress 2012.
HIV/AIDS Epidemic in India Trends, Lessons, Challenges & Opportunities
AMR containment in Thailand
Ladies and gentlemen, On behalf of my country, the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire, I want to tell you how very pleased I am to be part of this high-level meeting,
Overview of guidance/frameworks
Introduction to Antimicrobial Resistance
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)
Work Programme The social challenge “Health, Demographic Change and Wellbeing” Maia Okujava NCP for Health, Demographic Change and weii-being,
Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospitals: Lack of Effective Treatment for Gram Negative Bacilli and the Rise of Resistant Clostridium difficile Infections.
Declaration of the 11th ministerial-level PAC meeting in Berlin 2015 From strategies to action – how to tackle the challenges of Antimicrobial Resistance.
National health policy review
Monitoring the implementation of the TB Action Plan for the WHO European Region, 2016–2020 EU/EEA situation in 2016 ECDC Tuberculosis Programme European.
Call topic identification for 2019 call
ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT GONORRHEA
Antimicrobial Resistance: from Global to Local
“An overview” 10th April 2018 at MOH SMT Now 27th April 2018 at NPHIL
World Health Organization
Strategy and Policy Cohesion: “The One Health Agenda: will it deliver”
Importance OF CAUSE OF DEATH DATA
Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy
World Health Day 2011.
Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy
The STOP TB Strategy – 2009 VISION: A TB-free world
Dr Timothy Armstrong Coordinator
Presentation transcript:

Combatting Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Dr Charles Penn Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases Health Security and Environment

| RUSI 6 February |2 | Antimicrobial Resistance Impact Challenges Research perspectives

| RUSI 6 February |3 | Rising Mortality, Costs We are facing a public health crisis We are facing a public health crisis Increasing incidence of resistance to antimicrobial medicines Few new medicines in the pipeline

| RUSI 6 February |4 | % survivors Penicillin Untreated Days Penicillin increased the chance of survival from 10% to 90% Patients with pneumonia and bacteria in the blood Adapted from Austrian et al. Ann. Int. Med 1964; 60, 759

| RUSI 6 February |5 | Proportion of MDR among previously treated TB cases, Combining data from all countries and territories: MDR in previously treated TB cases: 19.8% (95%CI: )

| RUSI 6 February |6 |

7 |7 | 4 neonatal deaths in a rural hospital, India November 2009 West Bengal E coli septicaemia Treated cefotaxime and amikacin BUT E coli carried NDM-1 gene –Imipenem resistant Infections likely hospital acquired Roy et al. J Antimicrob. Chemother v66: 2773

| RUSI 6 February |8 | Death of two liver transplant patients USA Both had been treated meropenem Carbapenemase producing K pneumoniae Mathers et al. Transpl. Inf. Dis : 257

| RUSI 6 February |9 | Some diseases becoming untreatable (gonorrhea) Resistant to ceftriaxone –Ohnishi et al Emerging Inf Dis :148 –MIC 2 ug/ml Resistant gonorrhea strain found in Japan CBC News Posted: Jul 11, :38 PM ET Last Updated: Jul 11, :17 PM ET External Links Antibiotic susceptibility of gonorrhea, CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report A strain of gonorrhea is that is resistant to all currently available antibiotics has been identified in Japan. Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection that can be transmitted through oral, genital or anal sex with an infected person. If left untreated, the disease can cause other problems, including sterility and a greater susceptibility to HIV. The newly identified strain of the sexually transmitted infection, called H041, is resistant to the last remaining drugs that treat gonorrhea, known as cephalosporin-class antibiotics,

| RUSI 6 February | Impact on multiple sectors of health care Infectious Disease Pneumonia Gonorrhea TB Malaria HIV Etc. Medical Procedures Neonatal care Transplantation Cancer treatment Surgery Etc. Health Security Travel Deployment Conflict & emergencies Refugees IHR

| RUSI 6 February | Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Challenges Lack of adequate awareness and understanding Lack of global cohesion and plans Insufficient surveillance information –No cohesion, no reporting standards Inappropriate use of antimicrobial medicines –Human and animal health ("CIA") –Lack of equitable access No new products From Albrich et al EID 2004

| RUSI 6 February |

| RUSI 6 February | WHO Goal: combat AMR Comprehensive national plans, accountability, civil society engagement Strengthen surveillance and laboratory capacity Access to essential medicines of assured quality Rational use of medicines Enhance infection prevention and control Foster innovation and R&D for new tools

| RUSI 6 February | WHO programmes that include AMR Foodborne AMR Patient Safety Infection Control Environmental health Laboratory capacity & capability Medicines –Critically Important Antimicrobials –Regulations, Rational use –Quality and standards Malaria TB HIV STI Cholera Hepatitis Influenza Carmem Pessoa da Silva Johan Struwe Un-Yeong Go Paul Rogers Keiji Fukuda

| RUSI 6 February | Research needs: surveillance and burden of disease Global surveillance data –Networks of networks –Common standards for data and reporting Burden of disease –Health –Economic In "real time" –Evidence to support policy –Monitor effectiveness of action

| RUSI 6 February | Research needs: evidence to support policy Use of antibiotics in agriculture and animal health, aquaculture –Growth promotion,Prophylaxis –Balancing human health, food supply, economic interests Reviews of existing evidence –Molecular epidemiology and forensics –Economics and burden of disease –Differential products Public and prescriber behaviour

| RUSI 6 February | Research needs: innovation, new tools Smarter diagnostic tools –From POC to "molecular forensics" Alternatives –Vaccines, other interventions How to encourage and reward development of new antimicrobial medicines while maintaining controlled and rational use? –New business models?

| RUSI 6 February | Prime objective: to continue to treat and cure life threatening infections, everywhere Thailand – SMART antibiotic use Bedaquiline – treatment of MDR-TB

| RUSI 6 February | WHO Action (1) There is no "one size fits all" –Comprehensive mapping of gaps, capabilities at a country level –Across 6 point Policy Package (World Health Day 2011) –Initial assessment, short survey, follow up –Methods development and pilots through RO, CO Supported by Republic of Korea –Support needed for full implementation Essential to enable WHO, RO, CO to develop guidance and plans relevant to different country situations Countries will be better able to identify priority areas for action, leading to more effective interventions.

| RUSI 6 February | WHO Action (2) Lack of comprehensive, integrated surveillance –Weak evidence base to support policy and guidance –Inability to adequately quantify and report global burden and trends –Coordinate existing global, regional and national networks E.g. TB, gonorrhea, EU and other regions, WHO CC –Identifying and filling gaps –Agreed reporting standards An integrated global surveillance capability to provide data for action

| RUSI 6 February | WHO Action (3) Advocate change in policy and practice –Rational use of medicines Regulation and awareness Animal and human health Equitable access –Clinical care and patient safety Infection prevention and control Evidence based treatment guidelines –Innovation Treatment, "business models" Prevent the development and spread of AMR