US-U1-L3 SSUSH1c,d,e

SSUSH1c,d,e c. I can explain the development of the mid-Atlantic colonies; including the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam (and the later English takeover) and the settlement of Pennsylvania. d. I can explain the reasons for the French settlement of Quebec. e. I will be able to analyze the impact of location and place on colonial settlement, transportation, and economic development; include the southern, middle, and New England colonies.

Mid-Atlantic Colonies’ settlement The Middle Colonies include: New Amsterdam/New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware The middle colonies were more diverse than the New England or Southern colonies Some small farms and a few cities Less united than the New England colonies More culturally diverse and more religious tolerant http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gu9dQlQIeFM&feature=related

Settlement of New Amsterdam New Netherland was originally settled by the Dutch (from the Netherlands), but in 1664 the British conquered the area and renamed it New York. (King James was the Duke of York at the time.) New York had a diverse population and was a large trade center. Religious tolerance was one reason for New York’s growth; It was a holdover from the Dutch. New Amsterdam is now known as New York City (on Manhattan Island)

Settlement of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania is located between New England and Virginia William Penn received the land from King Charles because King Charles owed a debt to Penn’s father. The King was not entirely happy about paying the debt this way because he knew Penn was a Quaker and the king had banned and persecuted Quakers. Quakers believe in pacifism and people having their own inner-light from God meaning they had no need for churches or ministers. Quakers did not believe in participating in government or even paying taxes. Opposition to war or violence as a means to settle disputes

Settlement of Pennsylvania, cont. Pennsylvania (Penn’s woods) was named after William Penn’s father (also William Penn) Pennsylvania had complete political and religious freedom. Penn also believed there needed to be a friendship with the Native Americans and did this by signing the Treaty of Shackamaxon hosting over 70 years of peace between the settlers and the Native Americans. He also believed in purchasing land from Indians rather than seizing it. Penn opened up land in Pennsylvania to anyone who wanted to settle there, bringing thousands.

The Other Southern Colonies Immediately to Virginia's north was Maryland. Begun as a Catholic experiment, the colony's economy would soon come to mirror that of Virginia, as tobacco became the most important crop. To the south lay the Carolinas, created after the English Civil War had been concluded. In the Deep South was Georgia, the last of the original thirteen colonies. Challenges from Spain and France led the king to desire a buffer zone between the cash crops of the Carolinas and foreign enemies. Georgia, a colony of debtors, would fulfill that need.

French Settlement of Quebec Founded in 1608 Quebec was the first permanent French settlement in North America. The French colonists, primarily Jesuit priests, were to spread the Catholic faith in the New World. The other French colonists were primarily fur traders and lived among the Native Americans that they traded with, and often married Native American women.

New England Colonies, Transportation and Economic Development The New England colonies developed an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and eventually, manufacturing. The colonies prospered, reflecting the Puritans’ strong belief in the values of hard work and thrift.

Middle Colonies The middle colonies of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware developed economies based on shipbuilding, small-scale farming, and trading. Cities such as New York, and Philadelphia began to grow as seaports and commercial centers.

Southern Colonies Virginia and the other Southern colonies developed economies in the eastern coastal lowlands based on large plantations that grew “cash crops” such as tobacco, rice, and indigo for export to Europe. Farther inland, however, in the mountains and valleys of the Appalachian foothills, the economy was based on small-scale subsistence farming, hunting, and trading.

Closing The Dutch colony of New Netherland: had to rely upon English merchants for overseas trade.  had an alliance with the Huron Indians.  was blocked from inland trade by hostile Iroquois Indians.  became the colony of New York following English takeover in 1664.  restricted all newcomers to membership in the Dutch Reformed Calvinist Church 2. William Penn believed that the Indians should be:  removed forcibly from his colony.  freely engaged in trade.  sold into slavery.  compensated for their land.  forced to convert to Christianity.

Closing 3. The most important government for colonial New Englanders was the: House of Burgesses.  county government.  colonial assembly.  English parliament.  town meeting.