The Middle Colonies

 Dutch start sending ships across Atlantic and up the Hudson in 1609  1614-Fort Nassau (Fort Orange) established on upper River  1625-New Amsterdam built on tip of Manhattan Island

 Dutch West India Company appointed governor and an advisory council  Ran by authoritarian governors  Tolerated various religious groups

 Push Factors-motivate people to lave their home countries  Religious persecution pushed Puritans out of England  Pull Factors- attract people to a new location  Promise of better life and fertile life

 1638-Lower Delaware River  Fort Christina  Present Day Wilmington  Most Colonists were from Finland  1655-surrendered to the Dutch Governor and 7 warships

 New York  Originally Dutch Colony (New Amsterdam)  1664 Becomes English Colony; they rename it New York  Fort Orange becomes Albany  New Jersey  Land between Hudson and Delaware Rivers  Puritans and Scots settled eastern half  Quakers settled Western Half

 William Penn given land by King Charles II to pay debt  Penn become a Quaker  Quakers  Sought an Inner Light  Considered women spiritually equal to men  Men and women leaders  Refused to bear arms  Tolerated other faiths

 1680-land given to Penn west of Delaware River  Pennsylvania means Penn's Woods  Philadelphia established as capital  Philadelphia means “city of brotherly love”  Soil, climate and rivers caused Pennsylvania to prosper  Penn treated Native Americans with respect and paid fair prices for their land; prompted peace

 Middle colonies included Dutch, Swedes, Finns, French Protestants, Germans, Norwegians, and Scots  Religious Groups-Quakers, Baptists, Anglican, Presbyterians, Lutherans, Dutch Reformed, German Reformed, and Jews  Diversity of the Middle colonies vastly different from the single domination and ethnic group of the other colonial areas