BTT 101 / 2O1 Lesson 10 Dundas Valley Secondary Mr. Young

To connect to the Internet from home you need A Computer PC Laptop iPhone etc A Modem DSL Cable An ISP Ethernet Cable WAN Link

Internet Service Provider An Internet Service Provider is a company that offers its customers access to the Internet through their own LAN. Customers connect to the ISP through a modem such as DSL, dial-up or cable. Modem A Modem is a device that converts (modulate and demodulate) the Ethernet signal from your computer into the DSL or cable signal.

Ethernet Ethernet is a technology for wired networks. Patch cable NIC Plug a Patch cable (or Ethernet cable) into the Ethernet NIC (Network Interface Card) on your computer and into the modem Ethernet Cable Network Card

In networking, a protocol is a set of rules that govern communication. protocol Ethernet is a protocol that defines the cabling and how the signals are sent. Gigabit Ethernet is the newest version with a bandwidth of about 1 Gbps. A patch cable plugs into an RJ45 plug on the network card

router If you have more than one computer that needs to be connected to the Internet, then you need a network device called a router. Each computer connects to the router with a patch cable The router plugs into a modem, which links to the ISP

router A router is a network device that forwards packets from one network (LAN) to another using IP addresses. LAN A LAN or Local Area Network is a type of computer network covering a small physical area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings, such as a school. Ethernet and WiFi are two common technologies for connecting computers in a LAN.

Three LANs connected to a router and then to the Internet The computers in each LAN plug into a network switch. The switch concentrates network connections. This means that it brings network cables together at a central point.

WiFi Home networks also use wireless technology or WiFi The wireless version of Ethernet. WiFi stands for “Wireless Fidelity” imitating Hi-Fi for “high fidelity" audio. The official standard is called IEEE with improvements marked by letters g is called Wireless-G n is called Wireless-N

In your home network, you can have both wired (Ethernet ) and wireless (WiFi) devices Most desktop computers have an Ethernet card (NIC) Most laptops and netbooks have a wireless network card (and some also have Ethernet) One type of wireless network card looks like a USB flash drive but it just connects the computer to a wireless network.

Some routers have both Ethernet and WiFi A Linksys wireless router WAN port 4-port switch WiFi antennae

packets Information like and Webpages travel through your home network (a LAN) and over the Internet in packets. A packet is like an electronic envelope that contains your data. Packets that are sent over the Internet are usually about 1500 bytes. It takes many packets to send the average message.

IP Address The packet contains the IP Address of both the destination and the source (the “mailing address” and the “return address” on a letter). Source Address  your address Destination Address  where it is going

IP Address An Internet Protocol or IP Address is the address of a computer on a network. It is a 32-bit binary number. It is written in decimal numbers to make it easy to read and write. It has 4 numbers between 0 and 255 separated by dots. For example: Binary:

Every computer on a TCP/IP network must have an IP address TCP/IP TCP/IP is the name for the suite (group) of protocols that govern the Internet HTTP HTTP is one protocol in the TCP/IP suite HTTP is a protocol that governs Webpages DHCP Many computers get an IP address automatically from a DHCP server At home your router “serves” IP addresses to computers on the LAN

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol A networking protocol used by computers on a network to get an IP Address. The computer (a DHCP host) sends a request over the LAN for an IP Address. A DHCP server (a router or server) assigns a temporary and unique IP Address to the host. This is called a Dynamic IP Address. If the user configures the IP Address themselves, this is called a Static IP Address.

Wide Area Network When several LANs are linked together this is called a Wide Area Network or WAN The Internet is a planet wide WAN.

The network backbone is the part of a network that connects the core points in a WAN. It usually has the highest-speed transmission paths in the network and may also run the longest distances. Smaller networks are attached to the backbone.

A signal sent over an Ethernet cable, for example, has a bandwidth of 100 Mbps (megabits per second). Gigabit Ethernet is 1000 Mbps or 1 Gbps Bandwidth is the amount of data sent over a communication line, like a network cable. bits per second bps It is measured in bits per second or bps.

Bandwidth is easier to understand if you compare it to water flowing through pipes. With a bigger pipe more water can flow per minute. In electronic communication, the wires are not bigger but use different technology to send data faster across different data “pipelines” or channels. With a bigger “pipeline” more data can flow