FILM ARTIFACTS
ARTIFACTS: AN UNWANTED DENSITY ON THE FILM http://www.xray2000.co.uk/
Exposure Artifacts Motion Improper patient position Wrong screen-film match Poor film/screen contact Double exposure Warped cassette Improper grid position
PATHOLOGY ?
pneumonia
GRIDS CAN LEAVE LINES ON THE IMAGE
POOR DETAIL GOOD DETAIL
Blurring of image due to patient movement during exposure.
When there is a space between the contact of the film to the intensifying screens, a larger amount of light is allowed to reach the film – causing “more density” on fim
Lack of contact between film and cassette can cause “blurring” of the image
Artifacts - Types Processing Artifacts Exposure Artifacts Handling & Storage Artifacts
Processing Artifacts Emulsion pickoff Chemical fog Guide-shoe marks Water marks Chemical spots Guide-shoe & roller scratches
Developer Spots
Water spot
Discolored film due to hypo (fixer) retention. Chemicals not washed off – over time will turn film brown
Scratch marks from rollers in automatic processor.
Artifact
Blurred image due to patient motion
PATIENT ARTIFACT - JEWERLY
Handling & Storage Artifacts Light fog Radiation fog Static Kink marks Scratches Dirty cassettes
Crimping /cresent mark
2 exposures made on top of each other – Double Exposure 2 exposures made on top of each other – from poor handling of cassettes
Static electricity
Dirt on screen mimicking a foreign object.
Scratch marks from improper handling.
Light fog
Kink mark or nail pressure mark
cast
POOR SCREEN CONTACT
Patient motion
motion
Double exposure Child
Poor screen contact
Double exposure
Exposure Artifacts Could be corrected before exposure = Jewelry Hands in the anatomy Something on the patient
? Hands over upper abdomen
Is it motion or double exposure?
Pt clothing
Hip replacement
2 chest tubes in the patient
Patient swallowed batteries What size are they?
PATHOLOGY NOT ARTIFACT
Name & cause of this?
scratches
Pacemaker
Digital image Mis- Registrationi error
Roller marks from film stuck – then pulled from processor
Hardware In cervical spine
Dust in imaging plate can cause white marks on image – Both in film/screen and computed radiography
E E G MONITOR
What do you See? 2 exposures
Does this show good detail? Is all of the anatomy present? How is the density / contrast?
Does this show good detail? Is all of the anatomy present? YES Is all of the anatomy present? No (part of the little finger is not seen) How is the density / contrast? Density – a little “light” underexposed Contrast is good
Which image shows “better” detail Slower speed Faster speed
CR - ? Which shows “better detail” 8 x 10 cassette 14 x 17 cassette
See anything wrong with this image?
Contrast? What influences this? (kVp in f/s)
Discarded x-ray film used to make ♫ records ♫
Collimation – reducing the size of beam helps to improve the image, and reduce the dose to the patient
?
POOR DETAIL GOOD DETAIL
Processing Artifacts Emulsion pickoff Chemical fog Guide-shoe marks Water marks Chemical spots Guide-shoe & roller scratches
NEW IMAGE Double expousure Femur & chest
NEW IMAGE towel that was used to help in positioning a child CR is MORE sensitive to ARTIFACTS
CR image – NEW IMAGE Line caused from dirt collected in a CR Reader
Blurring of image due to patient movement during exposure.
Exposure Artifacts Motion Improper patient position Wrong screen-film match Poor film/screen contact Double exposure Warped cassette Improper grid position
Artifact
Blurred image due to patient motion
GRIDS CAN LEAVE LINES ON THE IMAGE
grid cut-off Grid lines grids are not necessary for a 3 year old
PATIENT ARTIFACT - JEWERLY
Handling & Storage Artifacts Light fog Radiation fog Static Kink marks Scratches Dirty cassettes
Crimping /cresent mark
2 exposures made on top of each other – Double Exposure 2 exposures made on top of each other – from poor handling of cassettes
Static electricity
Dirt on screen mimicking a foreign object.
Scratch marks from improper handling.
Light fog
Kink mark or nail pressure mark
cast
POOR SCREEN CONTACT
Patient motion
motion
Double exposure Child
Poor screen contact
Double exposure
Exposure Artifacts Could be corrected before exposure = Jewelry Hands in the anatomy Something on the patient
? Hands over upper abdomen
Is it motion or double exposure?
Pt clothing
Hip replacement
2 chest tubes in the patient
Patient swallowed batteries What size are they?
PATHOLOGY NOT ARTIFACT
Name & cause of this?
scratches
Pacemaker
Digital image Mis- Registrationi error
Roller marks from film stuck – then pulled from processor
Hardware In cervical spine
Dust in imaging plate can cause white marks on image – Both in film/screen and computed radiography
E E G MONITOR
Total body scan for trauma
Discarded x-ray film used to make ♫ records ♫