Welcome to I-TECH HIV/AIDS Clinical Seminar Series October 9, 2008 HIV Prevention with Positives in Clinical Settings: A Powerful Tool Janet Myers, PhD.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Incorporating Brief Safer Sex Interventions at HIV Outpatient Clinics Partnership for Health The Action of One, The Partnership of Two, The Power of Many.
Advertisements

Clinical Alliances and Partnerships Raul A. Romaguera, DMD, MPH Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention March 11, 2004.
Perspectives on Outreach from the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Benjamin Tsoi, MD, MPH Bureau of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control NYC Department.
Assessing the Training Needs of Managed Care Providers: Implications for STD Clinical Training Targeting this Hard-to- Reach Group by the Eastern Quadrant.
Operation H.O.P.E.F.U.L. Sean McIntosh, AS Program Coordinator Faculty, Florida/Caribbean AIDS Education and Training Center.
STD Screening in HIV Clinics: Value and Implications Thomas Farley, MD MPH Tulane University Deborah Cohen, MD MPH RAND Corporation.
Integration with ART for HIV+ Heterosexual men Risk of Resistance MSM High-risk women Young MSM of color Transgender women Long-term safety Provider attitudes.
Asking Patients About Sexual Health and Behavior for Improved Quality in Prevention and Care
Field Based Treatment of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Nilmarie Guzmán,MD & Michael Sands,MD University of Florida/Jacksonville and the Duval County Health Department.
Prevention and Management of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Persons Living with HIV/AIDS Partner Management.
NOVEMBER 29-30, 2006 MANDARIN ORIENTAL WASHINGTON, DC.
C. Andres Bedoya, PhD Behavioral Medicine Service Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School Factors related to high-risk.
Routine HIV Screening in Health Care Settings David Spach, MD Clinical Director Northwest AIDS Education and Training Center Professor of Medicine, Division.
FROM THE CLINIC TO THE COMMUNITY: THE ROLE OF PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTES IN MODELING THE EXPANSION OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKFORCE.
Missed Opportunities for Preventing HIV Transmission: A Study of Ryan White Clinics Steve Morin, Ph.D. AIDS Policy Research Center AIDS Research Institute.
Clinician Practices in Assessing Risk Behavior in US HIV Clinics Carol Dawson Rose, Grant Colfax, Lisa Metsch, David Mc Kirnan and Cari Courtenay-Quirk.
HIV INTERVENTION FOR PROVIDERS (HIP) Principal Investigators:  Carol Dawson Rose, RN, Ph.D. and Grant Colfax, MD. Co-Investigators:  Cynthia Gomez, Ph.D.,
Incorporating HIV Prevention into the Medical Care of Persons Living with HIV Ask ∙ Screen ∙ Intervene Developed by: The National Network of STD/HIV Prevention.
Predictors of HIV Transmission Risk among Patients in Care: Results from the SPNS Prevention with Positives Initiative Stephen F. Morin, PhD Principal.
Sexual Risk Behaviors of Self- identified and Behaviorally Bisexual HIV+ Men. By: Matt G. Mutchler, PhD; Miguel Chion, MD, MPH; Nancy Wongvipat, MPH; Lee.
From Needs Assessment to Curriculum Development: HIV Intervention Program for Providers 3TC meeting October 17, 2002 Mary Schroeder, MPH (Project Director)
Secondary HIV Prevention Research at NIMH Christopher M. Gordon, PhD Chief, Secondary Prevention and Treatment Adherence Center for Mental Health Research.
What Does It Take To Implement HIV Prevention Interventions into Care Settings? Preliminary findings based on a qualitative evaluation of the HRSA/SPNS.
Linda Chamberlain, PhD MPH IPV and Sexually Transmitted Infections/HIV MENU Overview Regional and Local Data The Impact of IPV on Women’s Health IPV and.
Commercial Sex Venues: A Closer Look At Their Impact on the Syphilis Epidemics Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Los Angeles Getahun Aynalem, MD, MPH,
Urban Coalition for HIV Prevention Services (UCHAPS) SF HIV Prevention Planning Group November 9, 2006.
Midwest AIDS Training & Education Center Health Care Education & Training, Inc. HIV/AIDS Case-Finding In Family Planning Clinics.
TAKING A SEXUAL HISTORY WITH OLDER ADULTS Dorcas Baker, RN, BSN, ACRN, MA Site Director Johns Hopkins AIDS Education and Training Center
STD Testing Protocols, STD Testing, and Discussion of Sexual Behaviors in HIV Clinics in Los Angeles County Melanie M. Taylor MD, MPH Los Angeles County.
Routine HIV Screening in Health Care Settings David Spach, MD Clinical Director Northwest AIDS Education and Training Center Professor of Medicine, Division.
Ask, Screen, Intervene 4 Cities Project FTCC Meeting April 25, 2012.
African Americans and HIV: CA Office of AIDS Response Michelle Roland, MD Chief, Office of AIDS California Department of Public Health.
Prevention with Positives; Using Multiple Strategies to Involve Persons Living with HIV in Prevention. TASO Uganda. Emmanuel Odeke,
Darren A. DeWalt, MD, MPH Division of General Internal Medicine Maihan B. Vu, Dr.PH, MPH Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University.
“ Technical Assistance to Ryan White Sites Providing Care to Women of Color: Survival Stories of Women of Color Living with HIV / AIDS in Texas” Nancy.
Program Collaboration and Service Integration: An NCHHSTP Green paper Kevin Fenton, M.D., Ph.D., F.F.P.H. Director National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral.
N ORTHWEST AIDS E DUCATION AND T RAINING C ENTER PrEP 201: Beyond the Basics Joanne Stekler, MD MPH Associate Professor of Medicine University of Washington.
Comprehensive HIV Prevention Strategies for Most at Risk Populations (MARPs) Anne Goldzier Thomas, Ph.D. US Department of Defense/PEPFAR Ethiopia National.
RTI International is a trade name of Research Triangle Institute Untreated chlamydial infection among adolescents and young adults in Baltimore,
Effects of an HIV/AIDS peer prevention intervention on sexual and injecting risk behaviors among injecting drug users (IDUs) and their risk partners in.
Poverty and HIV Infection: NHBS National* and San Diego Findings Vanessa Miguelino-Keasling, MPH National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System.
Prevention with HIV Positive Individuals in the Clinic Setting Janet Myers, PhD, MPH Carol Dawson Rose, PhD, RN.
Specific Aims  Modify a previously used ACASI (audio computer assisted structured interview) assessment tool, the Sexual Behavior Inventory (SBI), for.
HIV and STI Department, Health Protection Agency - Colindale HIV and AIDS Reporting System HIV in the United Kingdom: 2012 Overview.
Data Trends: FPAR & HIV Prevention Project OPA/OFP HIV Prevention Project Annual Technical Support Conference June 12, 2007 Presented by Kelly Morrison.
Routine HIV Screening in Health Care Settings David Spach, MD Clinical Director Northwest AIDS Education and Training Center Professor of Medicine, Division.
SSuN: MSM prevalence monitoring and HIV Testing in STD Clinics Kristen Mahle & Lori Newman SSuN Call #3 Oct 30, 2008.
Office of AIDS California Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Among African- Americans in California: Epidemiologic Data and Research Overview Christopher.
Epidemiologic Studies Consortium Research CTCA meeting October 22, 2010 Lisa Pascopella, PhD, MPH California Department of Health Services.
Lessons from the CDC/RTC HIV Integration Project Marianne Zotti, DrPH, MS, FAAN Team Leader Services Management, Research & Translation Team NCCDPHP/DRH/ASB.
HIV Testing Strategies and Linkage to Care for Criminal Justice Populations Timothy P. Flanigan, MD Professor of Medicine Brown Medical School.
HIV Testing in Medical Settings Mark Thrun, MD Denver Public Health
Efficacy of a “One-Shot” Computerized, Individualized Intervention to Increase Condom Use and Decrease STDs among Clinic Patients with Main Partners Diane.
California Department of Public Health Office of AIDS HIV CARE and PREVENTION 2009: You Need to Know.
Female Condom Intervention Trial (FEMIT) Kyung-Hee Choi, PhD, MPH, Principal Investigator Cynthia Gomez, PhD, Co-Investigator Olga Grinstead, PhD, MPH,
Lori A. J. Scott-Sheldon, Ph.D. Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine The Miriam Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Alpert.
Housing Status and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Homeless and Housed Persons with HIV in the United States The findings and conclusions in this presentation.
STD/HIV Prevention Seattle & King County Robert Marks
Andrea Moore Information Specialist MANILA Consulting Group, Inc. American Evaluation Association Annual Meeting November 11, 2010 The Community-based.
Persons with Serious Mental Illness Michael B. Blank, PhD Center for Mental Health Policy and Services Research University of Pennsylvania HIV Screening.
Provider Initiated HIV Counseling and Testing Unit 2: Introduction and Rational for PIHCT.
Ethnic Differences in HIV Disclosure and HIV Transmission Risk Jason D. P. Bird, MSW 1, David Fingerhut, MS, MA 2, David McKirnan, PhD 2, Christine M.
Demographic and Behavioral Differences between Latino and non-Latino Patients Attending Baltimore City STD Clinics, Renee M. Gindi 1, Kathleen.
Kathleen Brady, MD; Coleman Terrell; Marlene Matosky, MPH, RN
Melanie L. Fritza Ronald J. Lubelchek, MD a, b, c*
Believed discrimination occurred because of their:
The Relationship between Recent Alcohol Use and Sexual Behaviors/STDs: Gender Differences among STD Clinic Patients Heidi E. Hutton PhD, Mary E. McCaul.
North Carolina Medical Monitoring Project
Division of STD Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Presentation transcript:

Welcome to I-TECH HIV/AIDS Clinical Seminar Series October 9, 2008 HIV Prevention with Positives in Clinical Settings: A Powerful Tool Janet Myers, PhD

Overview Describe a 20-site clinical site demonstration project that evaluated the effectiveness of behavioral prevention intervention programs for HIV-infected patients seen in clinical settings in the US. Describe a 20-site clinical site demonstration project that evaluated the effectiveness of behavioral prevention intervention programs for HIV-infected patients seen in clinical settings in the US. State the features of successful behavioral interventions that were shown to reduce HIV transmission risks. State the features of successful behavioral interventions that were shown to reduce HIV transmission risks. Identify two examples of tools to help clinics integrate behavioral prevention activities into clinical services. Identify two examples of tools to help clinics integrate behavioral prevention activities into clinical services. Discuss ways to apply lessons from this project to international settings. Discuss ways to apply lessons from this project to international settings.

Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program Evolution of HAB Prevention Activities The Ryan White CARE Act Prevention Project ( ) The Ryan White CARE Act Prevention Project ( ) Incorporating HIV Prevention into the Medical Care of Persons living with HIV: Recommendations of CDC, HRSA, NIH, and HIVMA (2003) Incorporating HIV Prevention into the Medical Care of Persons living with HIV: Recommendations of CDC, HRSA, NIH, and HIVMA (2003) SPNS Initiative: Prevention with HIV-Infected Persons seen in Clinical Settings (Prevention with Positives Initiative, 2002 – 2008) SPNS Initiative: Prevention with HIV-Infected Persons seen in Clinical Settings (Prevention with Positives Initiative, 2002 – 2008) OPTIONS Project ( ) OPTIONS Project ( )

Findings: The Ryan White CARE Act Prevention Project * HIV prevention counseling was not routine in most clinics; patients reported receiving prevention counseling significantly less frequently than counseling related to diet, nutrition and adherence to ARVs. Lack of time, lack of specialized training and funding dedicated to the provision of prevention counseling were cited as barriers providing HIV prevention in the clinical setting. Some clinical providers did not understand their role in “prevention with positives”. The low frequency of HIV prevention services in these clinical settings represented “missed opportunities” for reducing HIV transmission. *Morin et al. (2004) Missed Opportunities: Prevention with HIV- infected Patients in Clinical Care Settings. JAIDS, 36(4):

Incorporating HIV Prevention into the Medical Care of Persons living with HIV: Recommendations of CDC, HRSA, NIH, and HIVMA/IDSA* Guidelines support the provision of HIV prevention in clinical settings Guidelines support the provision of HIV prevention in clinical settings Provide clinicians with the tools needed to conduct a behavioral assessment, screen for sexually transmitted diseases, and provide appropriate prevention messages Provide clinicians with the tools needed to conduct a behavioral assessment, screen for sexually transmitted diseases, and provide appropriate prevention messages * CDC. (2003) Incorporating HIV Prevention into the Medical Care of Persons Living with HIV. Recommendations of CDC, the Health Resources & Services Administration, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. MMWR Recommendations and Reports, 52 (RR-12), 1-24.

SPNS Initiative: Prevention with HIV-Infected Persons seen in Clinical Settings (Prevention with Positives Initiative) Goal: To evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral prevention intervention programs for HIV-positive clients seen in clinical care settings by examining the following questions: Goal: To evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral prevention intervention programs for HIV-positive clients seen in clinical care settings by examining the following questions: Can behavioral interventions in primary care clinical settings help HIV+ clients reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to others? Can behavioral interventions in primary care clinical settings help HIV+ clients reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to others? What models are most appropriate with different populations (e.g., MSM of color, heterosexual women, rural drug users)? What models are most appropriate with different populations (e.g., MSM of color, heterosexual women, rural drug users)? What models are most appropriate for different primary care settings (e.g., rural, urban, high volume, community-based organization, large hospital)? What models are most appropriate for different primary care settings (e.g., rural, urban, high volume, community-based organization, large hospital)?

Prevention with Positives Initiative Overview 15 sites (20 clinics) were funded to implement and evaluate HIV prevention interventions tailored to their individual clinics 15 sites (20 clinics) were funded to implement and evaluate HIV prevention interventions tailored to their individual clinics A TA & Evaluation Center received funds to conduct a multi-site evaluation and assist demonstration sites in designing their interventions and local evaluations A TA & Evaluation Center received funds to conduct a multi-site evaluation and assist demonstration sites in designing their interventions and local evaluations

SPNS Prevention with Positives Initiative Demonstration Sites

Intervention Modality Table 1: Intervention Modality and Type of Professional Delivering Intervention Site Intervention Modality Individual Level Group Level Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore  University of Alabama, Birmingham  County of Los Angeles  St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital, New York  El Rio/Special Immunology Health Ctr., Tucson  University of Washington, Seattle   Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago  Fenway Community Health Center  University of Miami  Drexel University, Philadelphia   DeKalb County Board of Health, Decatur, GA   University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill  Whitman Walker Clinic, Washington, DC  University of California, San Diego  University of California, Davis 

Target Populations All patients (3) All patients (3) Patients with sex or drug risk in last 6 months (2) Patients with sex or drug risk in last 6 months (2) MSM with sexual activity in last 6 months (1) MSM with sexual activity in last 6 months (1) All returning patients with sexual activity in last 3 months (1) All returning patients with sexual activity in last 3 months (1) All returning patients (1) All returning patients (1) All MSM (1) All MSM (1) Patients reporting sexual activity in last 3 months (1) Male patients (1) Female patients (1) Patients reporting risk in last 6 months (1) Patients diagnosed with HIV for at least 3 months (1) Patients age >45 reporting unprotected sex in last 12 months

Type of Professional Delivering Intervention Site Primary Care Provider Intervention Specialist Peer Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore  University of Alabama, Birmingham  County of Los Angeles  St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital, New York  (Social Worker) El Rio/Special Immunology Health Ctr., Tucson  (Health Educator) University of Washington, Seattle  (Social Worker)  Mt. Sinai Hospital, Chicago  Fenway Community Health Center  University of Miami  Drexel University, Philadelphia   (Health Educator)  DeKalb County Board of Health, Decatur   (Specialist) University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill   (Specialist) Whitman Walker Clinic, Washington, DC   (Health Educator) University of California, San Diego   (Health Educator) University of California, Davis   (Social Worker)

Study Assignment by Intervention Type Sites(N=14)N(N=3799)Percent% Provider388523% Health Educator (HE) % Mixed (Provider + HE) % Assessment only %

Sample Characteristics Gender Male Male Female Female71%28% Age Greater than 40 63% Education: High School or less 51% Sexual orientation MSMMSWWomen51%19%28% Race African American WhiteLatinoOther46%35%15%4%

Study Outcome Transmission Risk Behavior Transmission Risk Behavior ANY unprotected sex with HIV-uninfected or unknown status partner ANY unprotected sex with HIV-uninfected or unknown status partner

Sexual transmission risk behavior by intervention type

Summary and Conclusions Provider-led interventions led to significantly greater reduction in sexual risk at 12 months compared to the assessment only group. Provider-led interventions led to significantly greater reduction in sexual risk at 12 months compared to the assessment only group. Brief risk assessment and provider-led interventions appear to have the greatest effect on reduction in sexual risk among patients seen in clinical settings. Brief risk assessment and provider-led interventions appear to have the greatest effect on reduction in sexual risk among patients seen in clinical settings. More analysis is needed to explore whether and how professional and peer counselor-led interventions affect the lives of HIV-infected individuals in clinical settings. More analysis is needed to explore whether and how professional and peer counselor-led interventions affect the lives of HIV-infected individuals in clinical settings.

Qualitative Findings Risk assessment facilitated openness among some patients Risk assessment facilitated openness among some patients Interventions facilitated increased comfort in talking to providers about sex Interventions facilitated increased comfort in talking to providers about sex Interventions improved communication between patient and provider Interventions improved communication between patient and provider Interventions facilitated self- reflection Interventions facilitated self- reflection

Provider-Delivered Interventions “ The doctor in this program has really caused me to think more so than I used to about how I handle myself, especially when it comes to infecting other people.”

Willingness + Risk Assessment = Dynamic Exchange Opportunities Interventions facilitated teaching/learning exchanges Interventions facilitated teaching/learning exchanges Providers counseled on re-infection, safer sex – condoms, disclosure Providers counseled on re-infection, safer sex – condoms, disclosure Patients discussed “lifestyle” and/or sexual behaviors, preferences Patients discussed “lifestyle” and/or sexual behaviors, preferences Patients appreciated doctor’s point of view Patients appreciated doctor’s point of view

Provider-Delivered Intervention Fit May work well: Privacy-sensitive patients Privacy-sensitive patients “Doctor knows best” patients “Doctor knows best” patients Low health literacy Low health literacy Willingness/openness to reveal sex practices/preferences Willingness/openness to reveal sex practices/preferences May not work well: High health literacy Sex positive patients Pre-existing discussions about sex practices Women ?

Provider Perspectives Feasible to deliver prevention during medical visit Feasible to deliver prevention during medical visit Increased comfort level to talk about prevention Increased comfort level to talk about prevention Risk assessment served as a reminder and vehicle to learn new information about patients Risk assessment served as a reminder and vehicle to learn new information about patients

Provider Perspectives “I thought the report of the risk factors was very helpful to me, particularly in pointing out things that I hadn't picked up with my interview with the patients….It was very helpful, as I would have these focused conversations …It led to a lot of discussions with the patients….it opened up this other area that we hadn't really talked about. It helped me get comfortable too…. So I think you have to get a level of comfort about that as a provider, and I think the -- having it in the folder there and having the patient already thinking about it …and saying "let's see what the [risk assessment] came up with for you today." “I thought the report of the risk factors was very helpful to me, particularly in pointing out things that I hadn't picked up with my interview with the patients….It was very helpful, as I would have these focused conversations …It led to a lot of discussions with the patients….it opened up this other area that we hadn't really talked about. It helped me get comfortable too…. So I think you have to get a level of comfort about that as a provider, and I think the -- having it in the folder there and having the patient already thinking about it …and saying "let's see what the [risk assessment] came up with for you today."

Conclusions Interventions targeted behavior change among patients and providers Interventions targeted behavior change among patients and providers Interventions directed providers to be more attentive to HIV prevention Interventions directed providers to be more attentive to HIV prevention Some patients enjoyed new opportunities to talk about HIV prevention and sexual practices with their provider and vice versa Some patients enjoyed new opportunities to talk about HIV prevention and sexual practices with their provider and vice versa Regularly assessing risk facilitated patient reflection on sex practices Regularly assessing risk facilitated patient reflection on sex practices Interventions were not universally accepted among patients or providers Interventions were not universally accepted among patients or providers

Methods and Tools: Provider-delivered Interventions

Computerized Risk Assessment to Support Risk Reduction Counseling Emily J. Erbelding, MD, MPH Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Computer Assisted Risk Assessment (CARA) Trained medical providers deliver counseling based upon Stage-of-Change theory Trained medical providers deliver counseling based upon Stage-of-Change theory Critical behaviors targeted: Critical behaviors targeted: Condom use Condom use Disclosure of HIV status to partners Disclosure of HIV status to partners Drug use Drug use Needle sharing Needle sharing

CARA printout content: example [Patient initials]9/18/2005 Completed the CARA today and identified: Stage for condom use Main partner C My main partner doesn’t want to Casual partner Patient states no casual partners Stage for disclosure of HIV status Main partner M Casual partner Patient states no casual partners Stage for drug use Stop Sharing Stop usingPatient states no drug use past 3 months Enter Drug treatment

PASHIN Peers Advocating for Sexual Health Initiative Laura Bachmann, MD, MPH Associate Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology UAB Schools of Medicine and Public Health Birmingham VA Medical Center Diane M. Grimley, PhD Professor of Public Health and Medicine Chair, Department of Health Behavior UAB School of Public Health and Medicine

Intervention Assessment based on stages of change construct for three target behaviors. Assessment based on stages of change construct for three target behaviors. Intervention messages are stage specific and were developed based on the decisional balance, self-efficacy, and process of change constructs. Intervention messages are stage specific and were developed based on the decisional balance, self-efficacy, and process of change constructs.

Acknowledgements Andre Maiorana Faye Malitz Karen Vernon Sandi Duggan Jennifer BiePam Belton Carol Dawson RoseKatherine McElroy Steve MorinMichelle Teti Starley ShadeCelina Kapoor Participating patients, providers & research collaborators across 15 sites

For more information: AIDS and Behavior Volume 11, Supplement 1 September, 2007

Contact Information Janet Myers, PhD, MPH National Evaluation Center AIDS Education and Training Centers University of California, San Francisco (415)

Thank you! Next session: October 23, 2008 Listserv: