The life and reign of Kauikeaouli

 Mother: Keopuolani  Father: Kamehameha  Date: Around Aug. 11, 1814, but he changed it to Mar. 17 because he wanted it to be on St. Patrick’s Day

 Raised by Chief Kaikio`ewa in Kona  Was 5 years old when he witnessed the breaking of the kapu  One of the first children to be educated by Missionaries

 Had multiple wives  Married his sister Nahienaena, but after pressure from the missionaries, he ended the marriage after 7 months  Raised his nephew Alexander Liholiho (Kamehameha IV) as his own son

A Young Nahi`ena`ena

 Liholiho dies in 1824  Kauikeaouli is only 10 years old, too young to rule a kingdom  Ka`ahumanu would serve as regent (a person chosen to rule for the monarch if they are absent or too young)

 Ka`ahumanu dies in 1832, Kinau becomes new Kuhina Nui  Kam. III did not agree with Kinau, did nit liking shairng the power anymore  1833 Rebels and declares that he is in total control of the Gov’t  Brought back many of the old customs like the hula, got rid of many of the strict laws  Gambling drinking increased, many stopped going to church  Kam III forced to return to sharing powers 1835

 Conflict with Catholics in Hawaii, many did not want them  Paulet Incident: Hawaii was under British rule from Feb. 25, 1843-July 31, 1843  1845, U.S. thought about acquiring Pearl Harbor as a military port  California gold rush sparked rumors that Hawaii would be next on U.S agenda

 Changed Hawai`i from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy=King is not supreme ruler  Executive, Legislative,and Judicial branch  Male commoners part of the government

 Constitution of 1840 needed to be updated  Reduced Kam III powers as King

 Who: Kam III and his advisors, land commission  What: Division of land that allowed people to own land  When: Jan 27, 1848  Why: Foreigners wanted the right to own land, Hawaiian culture did not have the concept of owning land. It was believed that private land ownership would make Hawai`i more like foreign countries and thus less chance to be taken over

 Pros: Allowed Maka`ainana to own land  Cons: 1. Foreigners could also buy land 2. Many Maka`ainana did not file in time because they did not know how to file and fulfill all the requirements, ended up with only 1% of the available land 3. Some lost their land because they did not live on it or pay their taxes and foreigners bought it

 December 16, 1854 after being in poor health for more than a year  41 years old  Buried at the Royal Mausoleum in Nu`uanu  Hanai son Alexander Liholiho becomes Kamehameha IV