Spanish Rule Ends in Texas Main Idea: Spain begins to lose its control of Texas as American filibusters, French pirates, and Mexican revolutionaries threaten Spanish authority.

AMERICANS MIGRATE TO TEXAS FILIBUSTERS – individuals who carried out rebellious activities in a foreign country i.Plotted to seize CONTROL of Texas ii.PHILIP NOLAN – Irishman and MUSTANGER from Louisiana

“MUSTANGER” – one who captures and sells wild horses

The modern mustanger… 2012 FORD MUSTANG GT

AMERICANS MIGRATE TO TEXAS 1.NOLAN Suspected of SPYING for U.S. army 2.Ordered to leave TEXAS, but returns anyway and is killed in battle 3.His men are captured and taken to prison in MEXICO CITY; PETER BEAN only survivor; later set free

PETER BEAN

HIDALGO REVOLUTION In your Notes, answer the following questions. Answers can be found in Chapter 6-2 of textbook. 1. Who was Father Miguel Hidalgo (identify)? 2. Why were Mexican citizens so unhappy with Spanish rule? 3. What did Father Hidalgo want the people of Mexico to do? (explain) 4. What was the outcome of Father Hidalgo’s grito for independence from Spain?

MEXICO CLAIMS INDEPENDENCE FROM SPAIN September 16, 1810 – FATHER HIDALGO issues the GRITO de DELORES, or “Cry of Delores” for INDEPENDENCE from Spain

A painting of FATHER HIDALGO

MEXICO CLAIMS INDEPENDENCE FROM SPAIN 1.He asks the Mexican people to REVOLT 2.He is captured in 1811 and EXECUTED 3.He INSPIRES others to take up arms

GUTIERREZ-MAGEE EXPEDITION JOSE GUTIERREZ de LARA is a rebel (former Hidalgo supporter) from Mexico; recruits American MAGEE from U.S. Army for help in LIBERATION, or freeing of TEXAS from Spain

GUTIERREZ-MAGEE EXPEDITION Inspired by AMERICAN Revolution, they want to form a REPUBLIC where voters choose people who represent them Call force “REPUBLICAN ARMY of the NORTH” WON a few battles, and declared independence from Spain Overall expedition FAILED

GUTIERREZ-MAGEE EXPEDITION

BATTLE OF MEDINA (1813) Fought between REPUBLICAN ARMY and SPANISH Army. Battle took place near the MEDINA RIVER north of San Antonio. Significance: This battle STOPPED the early TEXAS REVOLUTION in its tracks being a major DEFEAT for the REPUBLICAN Army.

JEAN LAFITTE French PIRATE “working” GULF Coast waters; including ports of GALVESTON and New Orleans He first helps the Americans against British during WAR of 1812 But later attacks AMERICAN ships; stopped by U.S. NAVY

JEAN LAFITTE – A REAL PIRATE

CAPTAIN JACK SPARROW – A FAKE PIRATE

JAMES AND JANE LONG James is a FILIBUSTER from Mississippi who tries to free TEXAS from Spain i.Captures NACOGDOCHES, declares Texas free and independent; elected president ii.Tries to recruit help from JEAN LAFITTE iii.He is later captured at GOLIAD, taken to Mexico City; killed by a guard

JAMES LONG

JAMES AND JANE LONG JANE, his wife, along with KIAN, her servant, hold off KARANKAWA Indians i.She later becomes wealthy LANDOWNER in Texas ii.Known historically as the “ MOTHER of TEXAS ”

JANE LONG

TEXAS NOW PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF MEXICO September 1821 : MEXICO officially becomes independent from SPAIN Spain ruled Texas for nearly 300 years, but resulted in only a few successful SETTLEMENTS i.San Antonio, Goliad, Nacogdoches, Ysleta, Laredo

MEXICO 1821

TEXAS NOW PART OF THE REPUBLIC OF MEXICO Why did Spain fail to settle Texas??? i.No GOLD or SILVER ii.Spanish settlers preferred MEXICO iii.DISTANCE iv.Texas INDIANS were unfriendly