and the use of liquid pressure

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Presentation transcript:

and the use of liquid pressure Hydraulics and the use of liquid pressure

The important features of pressure in liquids Liquids will transmit pressure throughout the liquid, regardless of the shape of the container A force therefore can be applied wherever you want it The force can be multiplied according the the area of the pistons used to push down on the water

Examples of the use of hydraulics Car brakes Car jacks Fork lift trucks Lifts bulldozers Television cameras

How car brakes use hydraulics A small force on the brake pedal will act on a piston with a small area The small piston pushes against the brake fluid The pressure exerted is transmitted to all parts of the liquid The pressure acts against four bigger pistons with larger areas The large pistons will multiple the force and cause the brake pads to push against the wheels As pressure is transmitted equally throughout the liquid, each brake works evenly too

Hydraulic brake The diagram shows a simple brake where a pedal will push down on the smaller master piston The force pushing down will put the liquid under pressure The pressure is transmitted through the liquid and against the slave piston The pressure causes the slave piston to exert a force where it is needed

Using the formula P=F/A What is the pressure exerted on the liquid by the slave piston? Answer: Pressure = 10N / 5cm2 = 2 N/cm2 Calculate the area of the slave piston that will lift a 100N load Area = force / pressure = 100N / 2 N/cm2 10N Slave piston Master Piston Is 5 cm2

More questions on hydraulics Master piston = 10cm2 Slave piston = 100cm2 What will the force (F1) need to be to exert a pressure of 20 N/cm2 ? Calculate the weight (F2) that can be lifted by the slave piston. Answers: 1. Force = 20 N/cm2 x 10cm2 = 200N 2. Force = 20 N/cm2 x 100cm3 = 2000N

Summary of the principles of hydraulics Pressure is transmitted throughout a liquid A force may be applied anywhere to the liquid All hydraulic systems use a small master piston and a large slave piston A small force is used to create a very big force The small master piston is used to apply a force The slave piston is always bigger than the master piston The larger slave piston will multiply the original force put on the master piston

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