Organic Chemistry, 6th edition Paula Yurkanis Bruice Chapter 13 Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet/Visible Spectroscopy Image on right is AADUVKG0 from p2 of 108, ch 13 cropped as shown. Brian L. Groh Minnesota State University, Mankato Mankato, MN Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

The tallest peak in a mass spectrum ____. 13.2 The tallest peak in a mass spectrum ____. is called the molecular ion is called the base peak has the highest charge has the highest isotopic abundance is never the molecular ion Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

The tallest peak in a mass spectrum ____. 13.2 The tallest peak in a mass spectrum ____. is called the molecular ion is called the base peak has the highest charge has the highest isotopic abundance is never the molecular ion Base peak intensity is defined as 100%. All other peak intensities are measured relative to the base peak. Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

The way a molecule fragments in a mass spectrometer depends upon ___. 13.5 The way a molecule fragments in a mass spectrometer depends upon ___. the bond strengths the stability of the fragments the energy of the electron beam hitting the molecule the structure of the molecule all of the above Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

The way a molecule fragments in a mass spectrometer depends upon ___. 13.5 The way a molecule fragments in a mass spectrometer depends upon ___. the bond strengths the stability of the fragments the energy of the electron beam hitting the molecule the structure of the molecule all of the above Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 13.7 Many types of organic spectroscopy use electromagnetic radiation, several of which are listed below. Which type is the highest in energy? Radio waves Microwaves Infrared radiation Visible light Ultraviolet light Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 13.7 Many types of organic spectroscopy use electromagnetic radiation, several of which are listed below. Which type is the highest in energy? Radio waves Microwaves Infrared radiation Visible light Ultraviolet light The order is: E > D > C > B > A Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

What functional group is present in this IR? 13.9 – 13.14 What functional group is present in this IR? 2938 cm-1 1713 cm-1 Cyclohexanone alcohol B. alkyne C. ketone D. carboxylic acid E. C=C Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

What functional group is present in this IR? 13.9 – 13.14 What functional group is present in this IR? No -OH C=O 2938 cm-1 1713 cm-1 cyclohexanone alcohol B. alkyne C. ketone D. carboxylic acid E. C=C Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

UV spectroscopy is based upon ____. 13.17 UV spectroscopy is based upon ____. stretching and bending of bonds electronic transitions between ground and excited states ionization of molecules by ultraviolet light excitation of nuclei to higher spin states induced by a pulse of electromagnetic radiation all of the above Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

UV spectroscopy is based upon ____. 13.17 UV spectroscopy is based upon ____. stretching and bending of bonds electronic transitions between ground and excited states ionization of molecules by ultraviolet light excitation of nuclei to higher spin states induced by a pulse of electromagnetic radiation all of the above Compounds with pi electrons can produce UV/Vis spectra. Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 13.20 Based upon your knowledge of UV/Vis spectroscopy, their structures and your intuition, place them in order of increasing λmax. 1 2 3 5 4 A. 1<2<3<4<5; B. 3<2<5<4<1; C. 1<4<5<2<3; D. 2<3<5<4<1; E. 5<3<5<4<1 Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. 13.20 Based upon your knowledge of UV/Vis spectroscopy, their structures and your intuition, place them in order of increasing λmax. 1 2 3 5 4 A. 1<2<3<4<5; B. 3<2<5<4<1; C. 1<4<5<2<3; D. 2<3<5<4<1; E. 5<3<5<4<1 The structures as shown are colored as their names suggest. Bruice: Organic Chemistry, © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.