Roosevelt & the New Deal

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Presentation transcript:

Roosevelt & the New Deal The Great Depression (1929-1941) Chapter 26, Section 2

Essential Questions: Should Rules Ever Be “Bent?”

1932 Presidential Election Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) (Related to Theodore Roosevelt) Won the 1932 Election! Democrat! Elected in November 1932 Had to Wait Until March 4th, 1933 to Take Office 20th Amendment! (Now January)

FDR vs. Hoover FDR Gave Americans Hope in His Inaugural Address! FDR Was a Democrat: Against Laissez Faire! FDR Wanted to Use the Power of the Government to Solve the Great Depression Created a “Brain Trust” to Create Solutions to Fight the Depression

FDR’s Inaugural Address March 4th, 1933 “Let Me Assert My Firm Belief, That the Only Thing We Have to Fear is Fear Itself.” What Was He Trying to Say to the American People? You Tube the Speech!

Roosevelt Takes Charge! After Inauguration Speech at the Capitol, FDR Went Straight Back to the White House FDR Skipped All of the Inauguration Balls FDR Worked All Night Long With the “Brain Trust” & Congressmen!

3 Immediate Steps! FDR Took 3 Immediate Actions To Boost the American People’s Confidence! Step #1 = The Bank Holiday! FDR Shut Down ALL Banks in the United States! Step #2 = FDR Promised ONLY Banks in Good Shape Would Re-Open!

Step #3: The Fireside Chats FDR Every Night Would Speak to the Country From the White House FDR Would Explain What the Government Was Doing to Solve the Great Depression! Made Americans Feel Better & Gain More Confidence that the Government is Doing Something to Help! FDR – Great Leadership Skills!

The New Deal FDR’s Plans to Fight the Depression A Number of Programs to Get People Back to Work! If People Get a Paycheck, They Will Spend $$$! Then…

The 100 Days Campaign Famous Session of Congress (March-June 1933) Every Day FDR Sent Bills to Congress for them to Approve! 100 Days Campaign Passed the New Deal, FDR’s Programs to Fight the Great Depression!

The 3 “R’s” of the Hundred Days Campaign! Relief = Feed the Hungry & Create Jobs for the Unemployed Recovery = Help Agriculture (Farmers) & Businesses Reforms = Change the Way the Economy Worked! (Make Sure Depression NEVER Happens Again!)

The New Deal Programs: AAA (The 100 Days Campaign) AAA – Agricultural Adjustment Administration Regulated Farm Production & Promoted Soil Conservation Paid Farmers Not to Grow Crops! Why Would the U.S. Do That?

The New Deal Programs: CCC CCC – Civilian Conservation Corporation Hired Young Men to Plant Trees, Build Dams, Work on Conservation Projects Gave Men Jobs!

CCC Work Camps in the U.S.

New Deal Program: FDIC FDIC – Protects/ Insures the $$$ of Depositors in Banks If the Bank Fails, Gets Robbed, Catches Fire, Etc…, The Government Insures Your $$$! Insured Up to $100K (Obama has Moved That Up to $250K) If People Place $$$ in Banks, Then Banks Can Lend Out Loans to New Businesses = Create Jobs

The New Deal Programs: NRA NRA – The National Recovery Administration Regulated Industry & Raised Wages & Prices The Blue Eagle!

New Deal Programs: PWA PWA – Public Works Administration Created Jobs By Having People Build Highways, Bridges, Tunnels, & Other Public Works Projects Put People to Work!

The New Deal Programs: TVA TVA – Tennessee Valley Authority Built More Than 40 Dams in Tennessee (Gave People Jobs!) Dams Create Hydroelectric Power (Cheap & Clean) Energy Bills in Tennessee are about 1/3 Less!

Power Supplied By TVA

The New Deal Programs: FERA FERA – Federal Emergency Relief Administration Provided Federal Money for Relief Projects to 13 Million Unemployed Gave Out Food & Jobs!

Responses to the New Deal: Conservatives (Republicans) Thought the New Deal Went to Far! Laissez-Faire! Feared U.S. Government Was Getting too BIG! Feared U.S. Couldn’t Pay for All of the New Deal Programs! (Raise Taxes!) Feared That U.S. Was Moving Towards Socialism! Government Runs Everything Equally!

Responses to the New Deal: Huey Long – Senator from Louisiana Thought the New Deal Did Not Go Far Enough! Wanted Redistribution of All Wealth to All Americans (Everyone Shares All the $$$) Wanted SOCIALISM!

Father Charles Coughlin Wanted the New Deal to Help the Poor More! Socialism! Blamed Jewish Followers for the Depression! (Had His Own Radio Show that the Catholic Church Canceled!) Racist!

Dr. Francis Townshend Did Not Like the New Deal! “Father” of the Social Security System Wanted the U.S. Government to Give $200 a Month to Every U.S. Citizen Over 60 Years Old (Create a Sales Tax to Pay for it!)

1934 Congressional Election: FDR Elected in 1932 House of Representatives Gets Elected Every 2 Year Americans Usually Elect the Opposite Party in Congress (President Does Not Get Too Powerful!) Americans Elected More Democrats to Congress! Showed They Supported FDR & the New Deal! Democrats Now Had Control of the White House (Executive) & Congress (Legislative)