Challenges and Solutions for achieving a Renewable Electric Grid in India By Dr. Rahul Walawalkar VP, Emerging Tech & Markets, Customized Energy Solutions Secretary, ESAExecutive Director, IESAVice Chair, GESA

India Electricity Generation & Anticipated Installed Capacity Additions

India – Wind and Solar Resource Availability Solar Map GW of wind anticipated by 2013 Goal of 20 GW of solar by 2022

MW 1810 hrs MW 2000 hrs Ramp Rate – 110 MW / min Typical All India daily load curve

Challenges in Renewables Integration Source: Dr. Michael Milligan NREL / AWEA : Dr. Jay Apt, CMU

Variation of wind generation over a day

All India Wind Energy Generation on Daily Basis

Transmission Upgrades – Green Corridors Green Corridors planned forTamil Nadu, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir. The transmission system costing about Rs. 32,000 crores (5 billion US $) have been planned to cater to the needs of about 32 GW RE capacity addition program for the 12th Plan ( ). INR 2000 Cr. (~$333 Million) investment anticipated for energy storage investments. Currently looking for 1-5 MW pilot demonstration projects for technology validation

India Grid Frequency

Introducing Ancillary Services in India 10

Implementing new Indian Grid Code Wind / Solar developers may have to pay financial penalties for deviations of more than ±30% of forecast Wind energy generators will be able to fine tune their schedules (based on forecasting) as close as three hours before actual generation. The operational frequency band has been further tightened from ‘50.3 Hz to 49.2 Hz’ to ‘50.2 to 49.5 Hz’. This is generating interest in exploring better forecasting as well as integrating storage for wind farms This provision is currently put on hold as policy makers are exploring alternative options

Wind Forecasting Errors Insights from initial scheduling trials Source: GLDC Gujarat Maharashtra Source: MSLDC

India – Grid Frequency Analysis

Wind scheduling with Advanced Wind Forecasting and Energy Storage

Energy Storage for Wind Smoothing

Solar PV – Storage Hybrid Solutions

Role of Energy Storage in Grid

Mapping Storage Technologies

Energy Storage Technology Landscape Pumped Hydro Compressed Air Energy Storage – Dresser Rand, LightSail, SustainX Sodium based (NaS, NaNiCl, Na-Ion) – NGK, GE, FIAMM, Aquion Flow Batteries (VRB/ZBB) – Deeya, Gildemeister, UniEnergy, UTC, Prudent – ZBB, Premium Power, Primus, RedFlow Flywheels – Beacon, Temporal Power Li-Ion Batteries – A123, Altairnano, Electrovaya, Enerdel, Microvast, Panasonic, Samsung, SAFT, Toshiba, 19

Price Trend for Capital cost 20

India Opportunities

India plans to integrate 50GW renewables (30 GW wind and 20 GW Solar) between Proposed ancillary service introduction by CERC could create a 3-4 GW opportunity for frequency regulation by ,000 telecom towers – 70% + utilize DG for backup / primary source have been mandated by regulators to reduce diesel consumption Over 100,000 Bank ATMs that need backup solutions India Plans to Install 26 Million Solar-powered Water Pumps (over 9 Million diesel powered water pumps in operation) Over 300 million people currently do not have access to grid electricity and India’s National Mission for energy access aims to provide at least 8 hours of access by 2017 India’s National Electric Mobility Mission aims to get 6 million EV / HEVs (including 2 wheelers) on road by 2020 Indian railways is 5 th largest rail network with over 65,000 km of rail network and is driving integration of energy storage for public transportation systems 22

India Energy Storage Alliance  India Energy Storage Alliance was launched in 2012 to help technology and system integration companies involved in energy storage and microgrids to understand and capture opportunities in thro growing market  In 2013 launched IESA-Knowledge Partner Network with a goal of addressing energy storage applications in over 10 key sectors of Indian economy  For more details visit IESA KPN Members

India Energy Storage Alliance For more information visit:

IESA Road Map Working with key stake holders and policy makers for developing national and state level policies related to energy storage applications for energy access, renewable integration, diesel replacement, ancillary services and electric transportation.  Collaborations with other trade groups such as INWEA and WTMA  MERC Smart Grid Co-ordination Committee  CEA – ISGF smart grid regional workshops for utilities and regulators  MNRE – Energy Storage Standing Committee  International collaboration through GESA initiatives and IRENA workshop 2.Developing a detailed reports & white papers  Introduction of ancillary services in India and role of energy storage technologies in improving grid reliability and power quality  Series of market reports developed on energy storage potential for wind, solar and telecom sector.

IESA Road Map Undertaking research on mapping various storage technologies with high potential applications in India such as renewable integration and diesel replacement. 4.Focusing on building international partnerships by bringing special IESA delegations and hosting IESA Pavilions to showcase member companies at key global events such as  Energy Storage Europe – Dusseldorf, Germany (March 2014)  ESA Annual Meeting - Washington DC, USA (June 2014)  Energy Storage China (June 2014)  Energy Storage North America (Sept 2014)  Energy Storage Summit – Japan (November 2014)  Energy Storage India – New Delhi (Dec 3-5, 2014) 5.IESA-ETN: Emerging Tech News Quarterly magazine  Inaugural Earth Day issue Launched on Earth Day  2 nd issue to be launched at ESA Annual conference, June

Summary  India presents large opportunities for renewable energy integration as well as energy storage & microgrid technologies  We need fundamental policy reforms as well as better implementation mechanisms for existing policies to avoid recurrence of such event in future  Emerging technologies including advanced controls, energy storage and Demand Response can provide the required technical solutions for coping with similar challenges in new future.  Need industry to come together to address policy barriers and educate potential customers for enabling fast adoption of these technologies.  Need industry to get involved with IESA to achieve this change.

Contact US 29 Customized Energy Solutions India Pvt. Ltd. A 501, GO Square Aundh - Hinjewadi Link Rd, Wakad Pune, Maharashtra India Phone: Customized Energy Solutions India Pvt. Ltd. A 501, GO Square Aundh - Hinjewadi Link Rd, Wakad Pune, Maharashtra India Phone: Customized Energy Solutions Ltd Walnut Street, 22 nd Floor Philadelphia, PA USA Phone: Fax: Customized Energy Solutions Ltd Walnut Street, 22 nd Floor Philadelphia, PA USA Phone: Fax: Dr. Rahul Walawalkar Executive Director, India Energy Storage Alliance US Cell: India Cell: Dr. Rahul Walawalkar Executive Director, India Energy Storage Alliance US Cell: India Cell: