36m SANS BATAN (SMARTer) – INDONESIA “Improvement The Neutron Intensity By Focusing Optics” Edy Giri Rachman Putra*, Epung Saepul Bahrum, Bharoto, Eddy Santoso Neutron Scattering Laboratory – BATAN, Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang 15314, Indonesia Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Layout of the presentation Introduction The instrument The performance The future programs Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Neutron News Vol. 17, issue 4 October/November/December 2006 Neutron Scattering Facilities in Serpong – Part 1 Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Neutron News Vol. 18, issue 1 January/February/March 2007 Neutron Scattering Facilities in Serpong – Part 2 Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

The Reactor – GA Siwabessy Descriptive parameters of RSG – GAS Power: 30MW (Thermal) Peak Thermal Neutron Flux: 2.5 x cm -2 s -1 Core Active core volume (dm 3 ): 180 Active core height (cm): 60 Loading (Kg 235 U): Number of fuel elements: 40 Number of control elements: 8 Fuel type: U 3 SiAl - MTR 235 U enriched (%): U density (g cm -3 ) : 2.96 Moderator / coolant: H 2 O Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Reactor Operation Schedule 2006 Reactor Operation Schedule 2007 Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) ~ 170 days operation/year

Neutron Scattering Laboratory - BATAN Neutron beam instruments (DN1-M)RSM: Diffractometer for Residual Stress Measurement (DN2)FCD/TD: Four Circle Diffractometer/Texture Diffractometer (SN1)TAS: Triple Axis Spectrometer (RN1)NRF: Neutron Radiography Facility (DN3)HRPD: High Resolution Powder Diffractometer (SN2)SMARTer: Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Spectrometer (SN3)HRSANS: High-Resolution Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Spectrometer Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

SMARTer Low Angle DiffractometerLADI Macromolecules Neutron DiffractometerMaNDi Low Q Diffractometer LQD AUstralia SANSAUSANS A new 40m Australia SANS QUOKKA MalaYsia SANS MYSANS A Liquid And Disordered Materials DiffractometerALADDIN Small Angle Neutron DiffractometerSANDI SANS-University of TokyoSANS-U SANS-JAEA SANS-J A new 40m HANARO SANS? 36 meter Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Spectrometer - BATAN Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

1992 : Commissioned 1992 – 1996: Testing, setting up & calibration > wavelength, resolution* 1996 – 1997 : Pre-amp & 2D-detector problems (Prof. Mortensen – RISØ) 1997 : IAEA Expert Mission Workshop > Porasil sample Dr. P.S. Goyal (BARC) Dr. A. Wiendenmann (HMI) 1998 – 2003 : Calibration > AgBE, Porasil, Polymers Setting up > pinhole, collimator, etc – 2005: Off > computer problem & TDC Start from here by Edy Giri Rachman Putra 2005 – : Optimizing, calibration, alignment > AgBE, porasil, polymers, etc. A new controlling & acquisition system A new instrument setting Improving the performance The time line of SMARTer Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Sample environment Magnetic permanent Low and high temperature furnace Stretching/drawing frame** Shear cell* Stop-flow cell* Upgrading & improving the performance Control system Windows menu Live on data collecting A new controlling & data collecting system Pinhole & collimation alignment A new sample changer system A small furnace/heater for liquid sample A new beam stop system A new sample to detector distance Wavelength calibration Q-calibration High temperature experiment < 100  C Magnetic field experiment Low & high temperature experiment* Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Specifications Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Instrumental parameters of SMARTer (36m SANS BATAN) Beam port and neutron guide: S5 (radial), NG1 Incident wavelength: 0.3 – 0.6 nm (VS = 3500 – 7000 rpm) Wavelength resolution:  / ~ 10% - 20% Q-range: 0.02 < Q < 6 nm -1 Max. flux at sample position: 4 x 10 6 neutron/cm s (at = 0.32 and 22.5 MW) Beam size: min. 5mm in diameter Sample to detector distance: 1.3m  L  18m Sample environment: open air atmosphere small furnace/heater up to 150 °C Data acquisition: OS Linux Controlling system: Windows 98

Speed (rpm) Experimental Wavelength Theoretical Wavelength FWHM (  Q)  Q/Q (%) Å5.83 Å Å5.10 Å Å4.53 Å Å4.08 Å Å3.71 Å Å3.40 Å Å3.14 Å Å2.92 Å Performance 2D pattern from AgBE at = 3.22 Å Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) J. Appl. Cryst. 2007, 40, s447 - s452

Inter-laboratory comparison Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) E. Giri Rachman Putra, et al., J. Appl. Cryst. 2007, 40, s447 - s452

Inter-laboratory comparison Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Sample-to-detector distance : 18m Collimation length: 18m Wavelength (resolution): 5.66 Å (11%) Pinhole settings: Source aperture: 30 mm (dia) Sample aperture : 10 mm (dia) Beam stop: 50 mm (dia) Sample thickness: 1 mm Sample transmission: 93% Collecting time: 2hrs

Inter-laboratory comparison Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) E. Giri Rachman Putra, et al., J. Appl. Cryst. 2007, 40, s447 - s452

Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Experiment on Solid State Polymer Sample Block copolymer PS-PEP E. Giri Rachman Putra, et al., J. Appl. Cryst. 2007, 40, s447 - s452

Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Experiment on Porous Materials The best resolution L 1 = 18m L 2 = 4m, 8m, 18m Pinhole setting = (30, 30, 30, 20, 20, 20 mm in diameter) Collecting time = 1hr

Experiment on CuNiFe Magnetic Sample 0 kOe420 kOe840 kOe10,000 kOe H Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Polymer solutions (F88 Pluronics) Temperature Temperature dependence Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Salt concentration Polymer solutions (F88 Pluronics) Salt concentration dependence Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Porous silica Q-calibration 1997 Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) SANS BATAN HMI Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

2005 HMI Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) SANS BATAN Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Porous silica Q-calibration

2006 HMI SANS BATAN Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Porous silica Q-calibration

(late 2006) HMI Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) SANS BATAN Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Porous silica Q-calibration

Problems at SMARTer Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Reactor run at 15MW Neutron flux > getting lower No preset count measurement Intensity in relative scale Low flux at low q-range

Modify the beam stopper & rubber cover. Test a new monitor detector & pre-amp. Build a new system for preset count exp. (hard & software)! Make a new sample aperture. Modify the live on data acquisition program. Modify the data reduction program. Make a new system for 6 sample changers with temp. control (software). Build a new sample exchanger. Do some experiments to optimize the SMARTer! Flux measurements! Local, regional & international network (CRP, TC, etc) Dr. Kohlbrecher’s (IAEA expert mission – December 2006) recommendation; Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Things to do (future works)

Neutron Scattering Laboratory National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) Thank you for your attention!