Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements MAPPA Neil Prunnell MAPPA Strategy Manager - Greater Manchester Shelley Scott National Head of MAPPA - UK Ministry of Justice Roy Ledingham Police Lead for MAPPA - UK Ministry of Justice Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements

1. Legislation 2. MAPPA Process 3. Lessons learnt for England / Wales Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements

The Sex Offenders Act 1997 … was introduced In the years leading up to 1997, following a number of high profile cases of child abduction / murder … Introduced a National register of sex offenders / reporting requirements The Police - primary responsibility

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements In reality inconsistent and often flawed practice.. Ineffective management of sexual and dangerous offenders, came to a head for authorities throughout the UK, during the year Public outrage over the lack of effective monitoring of Sexual and Violent Offenders’ in some areas…. combined with campaign following the murder of 8 year old Sarah Payne.. Forced the government to react rapidly and introduce important changes to existing legislation.

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements The PURPOSE Of MAPPA is … To help to reduce the re-offending behavior of sexual and violent offenders - in order to protect the public, including previous victims, from serious harm. MAPPA Guidance (2009) Version 3.0, Section 1.2

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements ‘Ensure that all reasonable steps are taken to reduce the likelihood of harm to the public’. The AIM of MAPPA is …

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Criminal Justice and Court Services Act (2000) Criminal Justice Act (2003) Introduction of MAPPA for all areas in England and Wales Sexual Offences Act (2003) Notification for sexual offenders reinforced Length of notification period depends upon sentence Sex Offender Prevention Orders Foreign Travel Orders Notification orders for offenders coming from other countries Annual re notification MAPPA Legislation And Guidance:

A Database for Sexual Offenders VISOR VISOR is a securely encrypted web based software application that holds the personal details on all relevant Sex offenders in the UK. VISOR is a national database covering Scotland, England, Northern Ireland and Wales and available to police/ prison and probation It contains information on such things as DOB, NI numbers, relationships, employment, hobbies, address’s, foreign travel, pets, vehicles and so on.

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Responsible Authority Agencies PROBATION / POLICE / PRISON SERVICE Social Services Mental Health / Health Agencies Local Housing Authorities Local Education Authorities Registered Social Landlords Youth Offending Teams Jobcentre Plus Duty to Co-operate Agencies

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Category 1 Registered sexual offenders Subject of various reporting requirements under (Sexual Offences Act 2003). Category 2 Violent – and (Received at least 12 months in custody and on probation license) Category 3 Other Dangerous Offenders posing risk of SERIOUS harm Who is managed through MAPPA ? The 3 CATEGORIES of MAPPA Offender

The MAPPA Process Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements

Identification Information Sharing Risk Assessment Information Sharing Risk Management

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Identification This is critical to the whole process -  Offenders cannot be managed unless correctly identified as eligible  Ensure there is clarity in what constitutes a MAPPA offender  Appropriate computer systems and admin resources are essential

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Information Sharing  Create a move away from a culture of agencies acting alone and protecting ‘their information’  Legislation needs to support proactive information sharing between agencies.

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Information Sharing Must: Have lawful authority Be necessary Be proportionate Ensure the safety and security of the information shared

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Risk Assessment  There will always be too many offenders under MAPPA to manage them all at an intensive level  Risk Assessment is therefore crucial as the first step in deciding at what level an offender needs to be managed  Risk assessment must be systematic

Risk factors STATIC - Factors which cannot change : Previous convictions/behaviour OGRS- based on static information Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements DYNAMIC - Factors which can change : Accommodation, employment, drug/alcohol abuse, emotional well being, health.

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Risk Matrix 2000 is a joint risk assessment actuarial tool used by the police and probation service for men 18 or over convicted of a sexual offence Seven static risk factors are measured Number of Court appearances sentenced for a sexual offence Age on release Number of occasions sentenced for a criminal offence Male victim Stranger Victim Non contact Sexual offence Never lived with a partner for 2 years Static Risk Factors for Sexual Offenders

Dynamic Risk Factors for Sexual Offenders - 4 Domains Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements 1.Sexual Interests - sexual preoccupation/ preference for Children 2. Offence Supportive Attitudes - cognitive distortions/ revenge and hostility 3. Management of relationships - Low self esteem/ inadequacy/ lack of intimacy 4. Self - Management - irresponsible / impulsive

Imminence levels - Risk of Serious Harm Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Low No significant current indicators of risk of serious harm. Medium Identifiable risk of serious harm. Unlikely to cause harm unless there is a change in circumstances High Identifiable indicators of risk of serious harm and could occur at any time and the impact would be serious Very High Imminent risk of serious harm and impact would be serious.

Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Risk Management – Restrictive  Police transport from prison  Restrict Employment  Increased police surveillance  Prison Licence conditions  Sex offender registration  Disclosure of information Rehabilitation  Intensive change focus treatment  Supported accommodation  Employment and training  Mental health treatment  Circles of accountability

MAPPA - What we learnt in England and Wales Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements Early Involvement of prisons in MAPPA Recognise that police and probation staff are different and need time to learn how to work together Be clear about what information can be shared with other agencies Prioritise offenders carefully – ensure MAPPA used appropriately and do not try to do too much Ensure consistency by developing a core group of relevant agencies Ensure that risk management plans relate to the risks indentified

MAPPA success in England and Wales  Increased Public confidence Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements  MAPPA provided the authority to exchange information  Agencies were more confident to manage risk as they were no longer working in isolation or making critical decisions alone.  Experts from different agencies make important contributions to overall plan  Notification process is vital to manage sexual offenders  MAPPA helps us to learn new skills and best practice from each other  Risk assessments are more accurate - less mistakes  Support for disclosure decisions  Risk management more effective as relevant resources were made available

Neil Prunnell MAPPA Strategy Manager - Greater Manchester Police Shelley Scott National Head of MAPPA - UK Ministry of Justice Roy Ledingham National Police lead for MAPPA - UK Ministry of Justice Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements