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2 PLANTS Mosses & liverworts Vascular Nonvascular 2 Main Types of Plants 1) vascular 2) nonvascular Also called bryophytes Nonvascular- plants that lack tube-like cells and do not have “true” roots, stems, & leaves

3 1) moss- A small simple nonvascular plant that has both stems and leaves…but NO ROOTS 2 Main Types of Nonvascular Plants Mosses are considered nonvascular and are grouped with liverworts because: a) their vascular (inner) tissue is very simple b) they both have similar life cycles

4 Nonvascular Plants: Moss fine soft stems a) Placement of leaves on the stem b) Shape of leaves Characteristics of Moss: grow upright in “mats” leaves grow from all sides of the stem moss species can be classified by their leaves based on: leaves are only one or two cells thick

5 Nonvascular Plants: Mosses 4 uses of mosses 1) Food for animals 2) They help hold soil in place to keep it from washing away 3) Some mosses live on rocks and break them down 4) Peat moss- EX: worms & snails eat moss moss that is added to soil to increase the amount of water it holds

6 Nonvascular Plants: Mosses Moss Life Cycle Sexual reproduction- form a new organism by the union of 2 reproductive cells 1) female reproductive cellEGG 2) male reproductive cellSPERM fertilization the joining of the egg and the sperm Both are located at the tips of the mosses leafy stem

7 Nonvascular Plants: Mosses Moss Life Cycle sperm and egg of mosses form at the tips of the leafy stems 1)fertilization 2) A stalk grows from a fertalized egg sperm of mosses and liverworts must swim to the egg for fertilization 3) Brown capsule forms at the end of the stalk (stem) 4) Brown capsule contains spores 5) Spores are blown away from parent plant…by wind 6) They land and grow into new leafy plants

8 2) liverwort- A small simple nonvascular plant that do NOT have roots, stems, or leaves 2 Main Types of Nonvascular Plants H2O and other materials are distributed throughout their bodies by: a) osmosis b) diffusion

9 Nonvascular Plants: liverworts General Characteristics facts about liverworts 1) simplest nonvascular plant 2) flat body 3) slippery layer of green cells on the ground 4) leaves grow in 2-3 flattened rows along the stem

10 What two types of nonvascular plants are shown on this rock? 1) Moss2) Liverwort

11 1) List the main types of plants 2) Define nonvascular. 3) Define moss and list 3 of the 5 main characteristics of mosses. 4) Why are mosses considered nonvascular if they appear to have a stem and a leaf? 5) List the two ways that moss species are classified. Directions: Answer the following questions. Slide Questions Part Two (slides 27-36)

12 7) Explain how mosses reproduce. 8) Define fertilization. 9) Define liverwort. How so they take in water? 10) List two of the four characteristics of liverworts. Directions: Answer the following questions. Slide Questions Part Two (slides 27-36) 6) List the 4 uses of moss.