Mosses, Ferns and Lycopods

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Presentation transcript:

Mosses, Ferns and Lycopods BIOL 1407

Non-Vascular Plants Characteristics No vascular tissue Small Moist habitats No true roots, stems or leaves Photo Credit: Manfred Morgner, 2002, Wikimedia Commons

Non-Vascular Plants Gametophyte dominant Sporophyte dependent

Non-Vascular Plants Spores for dispersal

Non-Vascular Plants Swimming sperm Photo Credit for Moss Antheridial slide: Dr. Steve Bostic, 2008

Modern Non-Vascular Plants “Bryophytes” Mosses Liverworts Hornworts Photo Credit for mosses & liverworts: ACC Field Biology Student, Enchanted Rock

Mosses

Moss Gametophytes & Sporophytes Photo Credit: ACC Field Biology Student, Austin Nature Center

Evolution of Vascular Plants Vascular Tissue Support  taller Branches  more sporangia and spores Transportation Water Minerals Sugars

Vascular Plant Characteristics Vascular Tissue Present Xylem Phloem True roots, stems and leaves

Photo Credit for Leaves: Doyle Cross, El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 2007 Vascular Plants Photo Credit for Leaves: Doyle Cross, El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 2007

Seedless Vascular Plants Sporophyte dominant Gametophyte independent and small

Seedless Vascular Plants Spores for dispersal Photo Credit for Fern Sporophyte: Doyle Cross, 2007, El Yunque, Puerto Rico

Seedless Vascular Plants Swimming sperm Photo Credit for Fern Sperm SEM: Dr. Karen Renzaglia, Southern Illinois University Carbondale

Modern Seedless Vascular Plants Lycophytes Spike moss (Selaginella) Club mosses (Lycopodium)

Modern Seedless Vascular Plants Ferns and Fern Allies Ferns Horsetails Photo Credits: Doyle Cross, 2007, El Yunque, Puerto Rico (ferns); ACC student, Austin Nature Center field trip, 2006 (horsetails)

Fern Sporophytes and Gametophyte Photo Credit for Sporophytes: ACC Field Biology Student, Austin Nature Center, 2006 Photo Credit for Gametophyte: Betsy Maxim, 2008

Strobili Located near top of stem Spore-bearing leaves Sporophylls  Spores Photo Credits: Doyle Cross, El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 2007

Homospory Homosporous plants One spore size Bisexual gametophytes Photo Credits: Dr. Steve Bostic, 2008

Heterospory Heterosporous plants Two types of spores Megaspores Microspores Photo Credits: Doyle Cross, El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 2007

Megaspores Grow into female gametophytes Photo Credit: Dr. David Byres, Florida Community College at Jacksonville

Microspores Grow into male gametophytes Photo Credit: Dr. David Byres, Florida Community College at Jacksonville

The End Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from: Campbell, et al. 2008. Biology, 8th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

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