Plant Division M6 Plant Biology Satit Patumwan

Plant Kingdom You will remember from M4 Genetics that the plant kingdom is not divided into phylum but into DIVISIONS. Botanists (plant biologists) have classified 12 divisions of plants. The 12 divisions are separated into 2 groups: 1. Non-seed plants 2.Seed plants

Seedless plants (Non-seed plants)

Non-seed plants There are 7 divisions of non-seed plants: 1.Hepatophyta 2.Anthocerophyta 3.Bryophyta 4.Psilophyta 5.Lycophyta 6.Sphenophyta 7.Pterophyta

Hepatophyta Small plants Liverwort plants- Hepta means liver- these plants sometimes have leaves that looks like a liver. Wort- mean herb Often confused with mosses. Simple unicellular roots. Nonvascular plants- grow in moist areas Pioneer plants- first to go in new areas such as lava fields etc

Liverworts

Bryophyta Like Hepatophytes they are seedless non- vascular small pioneer plants that usually grow in moist areas The most common plant in this division is the MOSS They have a simple filament as a root called a rhizoids which are a few cells in length and hold the plant in place

Moss

Anthocerophyta Small plants Like Hepatophytes and bryophyta they are non vascular seedless plants. The sporophytes of these plants look like horns or antlers of an animal and therefore are commonly called Hornworts

Hornwort Young Hornwort Old Hornwort

Psilophyta Seedless Vascular plant They have leafless stems They do not have any roots either Most live in tropical areas They are commonly called Whisk Ferns

Whisk fern

Lycophyta Club Mosses Vascular plants that have very small vascular leaves. These plants are very ancient The ancient plants which grew much taller have been transformed into coal which we use today.

Club moss

Sphenophyta Horsetails Vascular, seedless plants They have hollow stems surrounded by needlelike leaves. They are found near wet swamps

Horsetail Horsetails look almost like small trees

Pterophyta Non seed, vascular plants Grow in damp, shady places Commonly known as the ferns Usually have long leaves which can grow 5m in length, which are called fronds

Fern- sporophyte generation

Fern- Alternation of Generations Gametophyte stage of a fern

Homework Please make a PowerPoint presentation on one of the divisions of the seed plants: 1.Cycadophyta 2.Gnetophyta 3.Ginkgophyta 4.Coniferophyte 5.Anthophyte (Please find the information on page of your Biology textbook or in the library)