Personality Disorders

Personality Disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience, and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the person’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment.

Onset Occurs typically in adolescence or early adulthood. The enduring personality pattern is evident across a broad range of personal and social situations.

Interpersonal functioning Or impulse control The disorder is manifested in at least two of the following areas: cognition affect Interpersonal functioning Or impulse control

Personality Traits Personality Traits are enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself that are exhibited in a wide range of context.

BOTH Disorders and Traits are listed on AXIS 2 Personality Traits Only when personality traits are inflexible and maladaptive do they constitute Personality Disorders. BOTH Disorders and Traits are listed on AXIS 2

Personality Disorders are often co-morbid with another Personality Disorder and with Mood. Depression Anxiety And Substance use Disorders.

Diagnosis The diagnosis of a Personality Disorder requires and evaluation of the person’s long-term patterns of functioning. Personality disorders and traits are “clustered” into 3 similar types

This is the “oddest” cluster Cluster (A) This is the “oddest” cluster The personality group is Paranoid Personality Disorder Schizoid personality Disorder Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Cluster A These cannot be diagnosed if the pattern occurs exclusively during the course of Schizophrenia A Mood Disorder with Psychotic Features or during a Substance induced paranoia, substance induce psychosis etc……….

Paranoid Personality disorder Pattern of distrust Suspiciousness Begins in early adulthood and that is present in a variety of context Others are exploiting or harming him Preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the trustworthiness of others Reads’ hidden meanings into benign remarks

Schizoid personality Disorder Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotions. does not enjoy close relations No pleasure in activities Indifferent to praise or criticism Seems very cold and detached.

Schizotypal A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits Acute discomfort or reduced capacity for close relationships Cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities Examples next slide…………

Schizotypal examples Ideas of references Odd beliefs Magical thinking Unusual perceptual experiences Odd thinking and speech Suspicious or paranoid Odd or eccentric behaviors or appearance

CLUSTER (B) Antisocial personality Disorder LACK OF REMORSE A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others as manifest by Repeated acts that are grounds for arrest Deceitfulness Impulsivity, aggressiveness Consistent irresponsibility LACK OF REMORSE

Antisocial personality Disorder CANNOT DIAGNOSIS ANYONE UNDER THE AGE OF 18 WITH ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER NOT ALL CRIMINALS ARE ANTI-SOCIAL MANY PEOPLE HAVE ANTISOCIAL TRAITS…BUT NOT DISORDER

Borderline Personality Disorder Sexual abuse and trauma Instability of interpersonal relationships EXTREME impulsiveness---------self harmful behaviors (like you would never believe!) Very anxiety driven Very poor self image Often very difficult to work with

Histrionic Personality Disorder not a typical one to see without other problems

Narcissistic Personality Disoder Extremely GRANDIOUS Must be admired Center of the Universe, Arrogant Interpersonally exploitative Very envious

CLUSTER (C) AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER A pervasive pattern of social inhibition Feelings of inadequacy

AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER Hypersensitivity to negative evaluations As displayed as Avoidance of occupational activities that involve interpersonal contact, unwillingness to get involved with people, restraint within relationships because of fear of being shamed, preoccupation with criticism. Belief that one is inept or inferior

DEPENDENT PERSONALITY OH GOD…….PLEASE SOMEONE TAKE CARE OF ME!!!!! I CAN’T DO IT MYSELF…..I CAN’T BE ALONE…….I WILL DO ANTHING TO MAKE YOU LOVE ME………..

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AND THAT’S ALL FOLKES!