AVIATION HISTORY Lecture 10 : Airliners

OBJECTIVES  By end of this section, students will be able to explain:  About Boeing & Airbus aircraft,  Why aircraft made of metal can still fly  Why aluminium is used as aircraft skin.  What are the latest material used for aircraft body.

SESSION 1: AIRLINERS An airliner is a large fixed-wing aircraft for transporting passengers and cargo. They are owned by airlines company

Types of airliners 1. Wide-body jets: The largest airliners Example: Boeing & 777, Airbus A300/A310, Airbus A330, Airbus A340, Airbus A380(which can hold up to 800 passengers) 2. Narrow-body jets: Smaller airliners, generally used for medium-distance flights with fewer passengers Example: Boeing 717,737 & 757, Airbus A320 family McDonnell Douglas DC-9 & MD-80/MD-90 series, 3. Regional airliners: Seat fewer than 100 passengers, short flights Example:Bombardier CRJ series and ATR 42/72

Wide-body jets: Narrow-body jets: Regional airliners:

Airlines

Airliner Manufacturer Country of Origin USA  Boeing  Lockheed Martin Canada  Bombardier Brazil  Embraer  Sukhoi Russia Tupolev Europe  Airbus Industries (France)  ATR (France/Italy)  Fokker (Netherlands)  Saab (Sweden)

Airliners  Characteristics  High payload (aircraft weight)  Long range (distance the aircraft fly with a tank of fuel)  High endurance (time the aircraft can stay in the air with a tank of fuel)

Boeing types of aircraft models include as:  DC3-6, B707 > B717 > B727 > B737 > B747 > B757 > B767 > B777 > MD11 > B787 DC3

Airbus types of aircraft models include as:  A300 > A320 > A321 > A330 > A340 > A350 > A380 Airbus 330 Airbus 340 Airbus 380

Airbus vs Boeing What’s the differences ???  Wing  Nose & Main Landing Gears  Engine  Tail Area

Quick Facts  B747: Among the fastest airliners in service with a high-subsonic cruise speed of Mach 0.85.(567 mph or 913 km/h).  The largest passenger airliner in the world, the A380

Maximum range and payload of Boeing & Airbus aircrafts  What is Range???  What is Payload???  What is maximum range and payload for Boeing , Boeing , Boeing , Airbus ,Airbus 380????

Range and Payload Range:  Range means how far can the aircraft fly with a tank of fuel.  Range= Aircraft Distance Payload:  Payload is the carrying capacity of an aircraft.  Payload= Aircraft Weight

Aircraft NamesMax. Range (Km) Max. Payload(Km) Boeing km62,800kg Airbus km73,500kg Boeing km136,000kg Boeing ,500km397,000kg Airbus ,800km560,000kg

Why aircraft made of metal can still fly? What is metal???

Definition  Metal: a solid material which is typically hard, shiny, and flexible, with good electrical and thermal conductivity, e.g. iron, copper, and silver.

Aircraft Structure on Body Skin

Aircraft Material Fuselage skin & Aircraft structures

Aircraft Material  Aluminum 75% uses on fuselage skin & aircraft structures.  Composite 10% uses on wing & panels.  Steel 9% uses on aircraft components.  Titanium 5% uses on engines.

Aircraft Material  The main material for most aircraft is aluminum.  Smaller planes are being built more and more of carbon composites and some now are 100% composite.  Even larger planes are being built with a combination of aluminum and composites.  Military aircraft have the widest variety, though. The Sr-71 is primarily titanium, while the MiG-27 and MiG-31 are made of steel and titanium.  Some light aircraft are still built with cloth skin

Why aluminium is used as aircraft skin.

Definition What is aluminium??  Aluminium: a strong, light, corrosion-resistant silvery-grey metal.  Why aluminium??? Lightweight and strong. It can hold against great pressure. What are the latest material for aircraft???

Latest Material to build Aircraft Composites: a thing made up of several parts or elements.  Composite material includes as:  Fabric glass material  Honey comb  CFRP: Carbon Fabric Reinforced uses at some major structural area

Aluminum Material Change To CFRP

Advantages of CFRP CFRP: Carbon Fabric Reinforced Plastic  Strong  Light  Anti-corrosion resistance &  Cost effective or cheaper