LADEE LADEE - Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer Presented to the Eastern Shore Defense Alliance February 19, 2013 NASA Wallops Flight Facility Douglas Voss LADEE Launch Services Manager Range and Mission Management Office Goddard Space Flight Center NASA Wallops Flight Facility

LADEE The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer Determine the global density, composition, and time variability of the fragile lunar atmosphere before it is perturbed by further human activity. Determine the size, charge, and spatial distribution of electro-statically transported dust grains. Test laser communication capabilities. Demonstrate a low-cost lunar mission: Simple multi-mission modular bus design Low-cost launch vehicle

Lunar Exosphere An exosphere’s is a tenuous, collisionless atmosphere. The lunar exosphere is bounded by the lunar surface – a surface boundary exosphere. Consists of a variety of atomic and molecular species – indicative of conditions at the Moon (surface, subsurface). Wide variety of processes contribute to sources, variability, losses.

Building on Apollo’s experience studying the Moon’s dust. Lunar Dust

Lunar Dust EXperiment (LDEX) HEOS 2, Galileo, Ulysses and Cassini Heritage Neutral Mass Spectrometer (NMS) MSL/SAM Heritage UV Spectrometer (UVS) LCROSS heritage Lunar Laser Com Demo (LLCD) Technology demonstration Dust and exosphere measurements A. Colaprete NASA ARC In situ measurement of exospheric species P. Mahaffy NASA GSFC Mbps 150 Dalton range/unit mass resolution M. Horányi, LASP High Data Rate Optical Comm D. Boroson MIT-LL SMD - directed instrument SMD - Competed instrument SOMD - directed instrument LADEE Instruments

Spacecraft Configuration 330 kg spacecraft mass 53 kg payload mass

LADEE -Vibration Testing

LADEE Mission Profile Spacecraft final processing and fueling at Wallops. Launches August 2013 from Wallops Flight Facility. First mission on the new Minotaur V. 2-3 phasing orbits to get to Moon. Insertion into retrograde orbit around Moon. Checkout orbit (initially 250km) for 30 days. 100-day science mission at ~20-75km.

Trajectory Overview

Launch Team Science Mission Directorate - Sponsor Ames Research Center – Mission Lead Goddard Space Flight Center – Payloads Wallops Flight Facility – Launch Services USAF – Minotaur V Launch Vehicle

11 Minotaur V

Min V Pathfinder 12 Stacking of Payload & Stage 5 Encapsulated Payload/Stage 5 Roll-out and preparation for transport to Pad 0B View towards the south after gantry roll-away

Wallops Launch Range 13

Launch Tracking & Data Bermuda TDRSS Coquina, NC WFF

V-45/55 Complex 15 V-50 Control Facility Spin Balance Controls V-55 S/C Fueling Monitoring SCAPE Suiting V-55 Fueling Facility Spacecraft Fueling Spin Balance Spacecraft Closeout Encapsulation in Min V Fairing V-45 Spin Balance STAR-37 Spin /Bal on Gisholt 3300 Potential Min V Stage 4 & 5 Assy.

VCSFA MARS Pad-0B

Questions

MOVIE

A Dusty Lunar Sky? Micro-metorites as a cause of lunar dust? A Dusty Lunar Sky? Micro-metorites as a cause of lunar dust?

A new generation of robotic lunar explorers is revolutionizing our understanding of the Moon. We now recognize the Moon as a dynamic world with surficial and internal volatiles, active geology, and complex interactions with space weather. All of these could contribute to a fascinating lunar atmospheric environment.

Lunar Atmosphere? Yes, but very thin! A cubic centimeter of Earth's atmosphere at sea level contains about molecules. That same volume just above the Moon's surface contains only about 100,000 to a few million molecules. It glows most strongly from atoms of sodium. However, that is probably a minor constituent. We still do not know its composition.

Moon Dust under a Microscope Note jagged edges and shining surfaces. The latter is melted rock from micrometeorite impacts.

A Dusty Lunar Sky? In 1968, NASA's Surveyor 7 moon lander photographed a strange "horizon glow“ looking toward the daylight terminator. Observations are consistent with sunlight scattered from electrically-charged moondust floating just above the lunar surface.

Exospheres and Dust Io Europa & other Icy satellites Eros Large Asteroids & KBOs Moon Surface Boundary Exospheres (SBEs) may be the most common type of atmosphere in the solar system… Evidence of dust motion on Eros and the Moon.... Delory, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting

Min V Pathfinder 26 Type 2 Transporter Arrival Stages 1-3 GTM Arrival on Commercial Haulers Dual crane transfer liftAn offending gate post

Min V Pathfinder 27 Stage 1 Break-overStage 2 Lift Stage 3 Lift Peacekeeper Motor Emplacement

Min V Pathfinder 28 Stacking of Payload & Stage 5 Encapsulated Payload/Stage 5 Roll-out and preparation for transport to Pad 0B View towards the south after gantry roll-away

Spin Balance

Star 37 (5 th Stage ) Minotaur IV ” Standard Interface Payload Attachment Fitting LADEE 31.1” Interface Shock/Vibration Isolation System Separation System Taurus 92” Fairing Minotaur V Launch Vehicle

TACSAT 4 Min IV + Launched Kodiak Launch Center 9/29/11 Mission Success

Flight Timeline 33

Stage 5 34