Infectious Diseases: Bloodborne Pathogens Presented by: APS Healthcare Southwestern PA Health Care Quality Unit (HCQU) April, 2009/alt

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 2 Disclaimer Information or education provided by the HCQU is not intended to replace medical advice from the consumer’s personal care physician, existing facility policy or federal, state and local regulations/codes within the agency jurisdiction. The information provided is not all inclusive of the topic presented. Certificates for training hours will only be awarded to those who attend a training in its entirety. Attendees are responsible for submitting paperwork to their respective agencies.

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 3 Note of Clarification While mental retardation (MR) is still recognized as a clinical diagnosis, in an effort to support the work of self-advocates, the APS SW PA HCQU will be using the terms intellectual and/or developmental disability (I/DD) to replace mental retardation (MR) when feasible.

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 4 Objectives  Define bloodborne pathogens  Explain how to manage an exposure to bloodborne pathogens  Apply principles of protection against bloodborne pathogens in the workplace

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 5 Bloodborne Pathogens  Microorganisms found in human blood which have the potential to infect others  Transmitted through contact with infected blood and other potentially infectious materials (OPIM)

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 6 OPIM  Saliva  Semen  Vaginal secretions  Cerebrospinal fluid  Synovial fluid  Pleural fluid  Pericardial fluid  Amniotic fluid  Any body fluid visibly contaminated with blood

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 7 Bloodborne Pathogens Standard  Developed by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in 1991  Revised in 2001  Protects workers by limiting exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 8 Bloodborne Pathogens  Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)  Hepatitis B (HBV)  Hepatitis C (HCV)  Non A, Non B Hepatitis  Syphilis  Malaria  Babesiosis  Brucellosis  Leptospirosis  Arboviral infections  Relapsing fever  Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease  Human T-lymphotrophic Virus Type 1  Viral hemorrhagic fever

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 9 HIV  The virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)  Transmitted through sexual contact, blood, and from mother to child during pregnancy  HIV infection is not the same as having AIDS

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 10 HBV  The virus that causes Hepatitis B infection  Transmitted through sexual contact, blood, and from mother to child during pregnancy

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 11 HCV  Virus that causes Hepatitis C infection  Transmitted through contact with an infected person’s blood

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 12 Transmission of Bloodborne Pathogens in the Workplace  Contact with infected blood or body fluids through open skin  Contact between infected blood or body fluids and mucous membranes  A needle stick or cut or puncture from any other sharp item contaminated with the bloodborne pathogen

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 13 Standard Precautions  All individuals are considered to be infectious  Employs personal protective equipment and engineering and work practice controls as methods of reducing exposure to bloodborne pathogens

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 14 Managing an Exposure  Immediately cleanse the area  Report the exposure according to agency policy

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 15 Cleaning Contaminated Surfaces  Wear personal protective equipment during the cleaning  Use a solution of one part bleach to 10 parts water  Wait 10 minutes after applying cleaning solution, then wipe the surface off

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 16 Cleaning Contaminated Surfaces  Follow agency policy or clean hard surfaces at least daily  Pay attention to counters, doorknobs, drawer handles, and bathrooms  Urinals and bedpans may be cleaned with a bleach solution and they should be replaced monthly

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 17 Handling Contaminated Laundry  Handle as little as possible  Wash as soon as possible  Use bleach and hot water if the fabric will tolerate it  Avoid washing with non-contaminated laundry

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 18 Living with Someone Infected with a Bloodborne Pathogen  Avoid sharing toothbrushes, razors, tweezers, nail or cuticle scissors, pierced earrings or other pierced jewelry  Eat from the same dishes and utensils as everyone else in the home  Follow general food preparation guidelines

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 19 Special Considerations for HIV Infection  Wash hands frequently  Wear a mask if you have a cold  Do not allow the person to clean up or come in contact with animal waste  All household members and staff should maintain current immunizations, TB testing, and receive an annual flu shot

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 20 References  University System of Georgia, Board of Regents. Introduction to Bloodborne Pathogens. (2009). Retrieved on March 30, 2009 from  USAID. HIV/AIDS: Frequently Asked Questions. (2009, January 12).Retrieved on 3/30/09 from sfaq.html3/30/09 sfaq.html3/30/09  Centers for Disease Control. Preventing HIV and HBV Transmission. (1998) Retrieved on 4/1/09 from

© 2010 APS Healthcare, Inc. 21 References  Centers for Disease Control. Caring for Somneone with AIDS at Home. (2007, June 21). Retrieved on 4/14/09 from dex.htm dex.htm  Centers for Disease Control. Living with Chronic Hepatitis B. (2006, July). Retrieved on 4/14/09 from LivingWithChronicHepB_Eng.pdf LivingWithChronicHepB_Eng.pdf

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Test Review There will be a test review after all tests have been completed and turned in to the Instructor.